Kinematic Analysis Of Performance 1

Question 1

Considerations when collecting data (2)

Answer 1

Consider camera placements

Set frequency appropriately e.g. 25Hz

Question 2

Golf putting technique

Characterise key points (5)

Answer 2

Address
Back swing
Through swing
Contact
Follow through

Question 3

Comparison of club head velocity in golf swing between elite and novice performers

Answer 3

Novice reaches a peak lower than that of elite when ball is hit

Elite reaches plateau at a higher velocity than novice before ball is hit

Question 4

Why is it useful to know the differences in club head velocity of elite and novice golf performers?

Answer 4

In elite, CHV plateaus off.
This means it wouldn’t matter when you hit the ball within this plateau phase.
Allows greater margin for error
No effect on outcome

Novice golfer doesn’t maintain peak velocity for long enough so they have much smaller margin for error

Question 5

Analysis of high bar gymnastics:

Why is it complicated?
2 ways of analysis?

Answer 5

More complicated as whole body is involved

1) look at body as whole segment (where does centre of gravity act)
2) look at separate segments - flexion of thigh, tucking of knee angle, moment of inertia (when tucked in moment of inertia decreases)

Question 6

Analysis of uneven bar gymnastics

What to consider…

Answer 6

Different techniques (straddle, pike) allow you to do something for subsequent movements e.g. If a high velocity is needed, the pike position would be preferable

Question 7

Rugby line out phases (4)
Body positions (flex, ext etc)

Answer 7

Set up
Take back
Follow through
Release

Hip extension
Trunk flexion
Elbow flexion

Question 8

Analysis of hurdling

Importance of trailing leg

Answer 8

Full flexion reduces the moment of inertia
Less resistance to angular rotation
Leg can be moved forward more quickly
Readily available for next step

Question 9

Analysis of Tennis forehand

Why is it complicated?

Variables that should be looked at (4)

Answer 9

More sophisticated technique of analysis needed as movements fall outside of 2D Sagittal plane.
3D analysis needed
Overhead, front and Sagittal camera positioning

Variables:
Shoulder alignment 
Elbow flexion
Separation angle
Pelvis rotation

Question 10

2 distinct areas in which biomechanical analysis of sports is applied?

Answer 10

Injury prevention

Performance optimisation

Question 11

Overview of how technique can be analysed

Answer 11

By identifying variables at key points in the movement
E.g. Golf - variables at address, backswing, through swing, impact & follow through
Allows comparison of diff performers and individuals

Question 12

Define kinematic chain

Answer 12

The proximal to distal occurrence of peak velocity

Question 13

Relationship between linear and angular motion.
Why is it required?
Equation explaining?
Significance?
Example.

Answer 13

To optimise performance in sports involving rotation

Vt = rω

Vt - tangential velocity
R - radius of rotation
ω - angular velocity

Means that Linear velocity can be increased by ω or r.
E.g. Rules of athletics means that length of hammer must be the same for all, but radius of rotation can be increased by extension of shoulder

Question 14

3 ways to compare performers

Answer 14

Superimpose performers in video
Simultaneously watch videos
Watch individually

Question 15

During running the relative knee angle at ground strike is typically… (Degrees)

Answer 15

170