Kin Selection Flashcards
Interactions:
Selfishness +/-
Cooperation +/+
Spiteful -/- (rare)
Altruism -/+
Abiotic and biotic factors affect fitness …
Group living affects other members fitness
Altruism =
Actor harmed, recipient benefits .. Recipient leaves more offspring
What explains altruism?
Kin selection as altruistic behaviour occurs when surrounded by relatives
Inclusive fitness = direct fitness + indirect fitness which is..
Hamiltons rule: Br-C>0
For altruism to occur:
Br>C which is only possible when r is greater than 0 - have to be related!
Probability that 2 homologous alleles are identical by descent
Relatedness
Ultimate reproductive altruism
Eusociality
Eusociality evolved:
In mother-offspring associations and through a monogamy window..monogamy = ancestral state in some eusocialites
Features of eusociality
Cooperative brood care
Overlap in parent-offspring generations
Specialised castes of non-reproductive individuals
Eusocial insects features:
Haplodiploidy changes relatedness: sisters more related than offspring so increases inclusive fitness by being sterile and rearing sisters
Conflicts arise due to:
Queen-worker conflict over sex ratio
Between workers RE queen production
Conflict over male production
Conflict in caste determination
Primary sex ratio decided by queen. Secondary sex ratio decided by workers.
Queen-worker conflict over Sex ratio
Nepotism=favour most closely related individuals
Conflict between workers RE queen production
Workers decide fate of eggs
Conflict over male production
