Kin 3070 Exam 1 Flashcards
Define Physiology
The study of the functions of organisms
Define Homeostasis
The maintenance of your body’s internal environment
Define Exercise physiology, environmental physiology, and Sport physiology.
Exercise Physiology is the study of how the body’s structures respond to exercise.
Environmental physiology is the study of the effects of the environment on the body’s functions.
Sport physiology is the application of concepts developed by exercise physiology to a sport.
The first physiology textbook was published by who, and when?
De Fascius, Claudius Galen in 100 AD.
What were the laws of health in the first physiology textbook?
breathe fresh air, eat proper foods, drink the right drinks, exercise, get adequate sleep, have a daily bowel movement, and control your emotions.
What is the title, release date, and author of the first exercise physiology textbook.
1889, it was called Physiology of bodily exercise, and it was written by Fernand LaGrange.
Who founded the Harvard Fatigue Lab? Who was the Director?
The Harvard Fatigue Lab was founded by Lawrence J Henderson. The director was David Bruce Dill (D.B Dill).
What was the main focus of the Harvard Fatigue Lab?
The focus of the Harvard Fatigue lab was to study the human movement and the effects of environmental stress on exercise. It is the root source for most contemporary exercise scientists.
Who are these scientists and what are they known for?
Eric Hohwu-Christensen
Per Olof Astrand
Jonas Bergstrom
These are Scandinavian scientists who are prominent in exercise physiology.
Eric Hohwu-Christensen was a Scandinavian scientist who published five research studies in the late 1930’s on carbohydrates and fat metabolism.
Per Olof Astrand conducted studies on physical fitness and endurance capacity during the 1950’s and 1960’s.
Jonas Bergstrom reintroduced the biopsy needle in 1966 to study human muscle biochemistry.
The early measurements of the Harvard Fatigue lab consisted of what?
The early measurements of the Harvard Fatigue Lab consisted of collecting expired air in a sealed bag known as a Douglas bag. A sample of gas from the Douglas was measured for oxygen and carbon dioxide using a chemical gas analyzer.
Who is Sid Robinson and what is he known for?
Sid Robinson was an exercise physiology scientist affiliated with the Harvard fatigue lab, he is well known for extensive study of Vo2 max, he helped to define the term.
Peter Karpovich helped to do what?
introduce physiology to physical activity
Thomas K. Cureton helped to establish a rationale for using exercise to promote a what?
A Healthy Lifestyle
How did the emphasis of the HFL shift in the 1930’s?
The great depression hit and using the lab for more practical reasons was emphasized. The HFL started to focus on industrial activity, and worker productivity and studying environmental stress due to world war 2 and war veterans.
What is an ergometer? List some examples.
An ergometer is a device that measures work of some kinds, most common examples are treadmills and stationary bikes.
What are some factors that can influence chronic and acute responses to exercise?
Genetics, diet, sleep, hydration, temperature, time of day, altitude, humidity, age, gender, stress, anxiety. You can use heart rate trackers, indoor facilities with temperature regulators, sleep monitors, etc.
Plasmalemma is?
The cell membrane of the muscle cell, it fuses with the tendon, conducts action potential, maintains PH levels, and transports nutrients.
Satellite cells are?
Involved in muscle growth and development, and they aid in response to injury immobilization and training.
Sarcoplasm serves as what of a muscle cell?
Cytoplasm
Transverse Tubules serve as?
Extensions of the plasmalemma and carry action potential deep into muscle fiber.
The Sarcoplasmic reticulum stores what?
Calcium
Myofibrils make up what?
Muscle fibers
Sarcomeres are what?
Sarcomeres are basic contractile elements of skeletal muscle, they look like links
What is Titan?
Titan mainly holds myosin in place, it’s spring shaped and is one of the largest proteins in the body. Calcium binds to titan
