Kin 3050 Exam 1 Flashcards
What questions should we ask when we consider the learner, the task, and the environment as we facilitate learning and improving motor skills?
Questions we should ask about the learner are their age, experience, gender, physical or cognitive ability and previous experience. Questions we should ask about the task include does the task have fine or gross motor skills, what environment is the task performed in? Questions we should ask about the environment are lighting, noise, temperature, the ground, inside or outside.
Explain the difference between motor learning and motor control.
Motor control is the study of how a movement is performed. Motor Learning is the study of how to change/improve how a movement is performed
What are the 4 criteria that define a motor skill?
The 4 criteria are that it must be goal oriented, requires coordinated muscle movements, it must be a voluntary movement, it must be learned and must require practice to learn.
What is the difference between a gross and fine motor skill? (Give examples)
Gross motor skills are big movements that require big groups of muscles working together like running, jumping, swimming. Fine motor skills are done by small muscle groups like writing, typing, or sewing.
What is the difference between discrete, serial, and continuous skills? (Give Examples)
A discrete skill has a clear beginning and end, for example pressing a key on a keyboard. A serial skill is a series of discrete skills that make up a skill. So like serving a tennis ball, a gymnastics routine. A continuous skill is a skill with no clear ending, its repetitive, like running, or cycling.
What are regulatory conditions?
Regulatory conditions are environmental conditions that affect how a skill is done, for example the height of a basketball hoop, Or the steepness of a hill.
What is intertrial variability?
This refers to the variability in environmental conditions between attempts at a skill, for instance hitting a golf ball from different locations as you play a game of golf.
What are action requirements for a motor skill?
The action requirements for a motor skill are the physiological requirements to successfully do a motor skill.
What individual differences affect a person’s ability to perform a motor task?
Age, fitness level, gender, height, weight.
What is the definition of an ability?
Ability of a person means the characteristics they have that can contribute to the execution of skills, but is not the actual skill. For instance shooting a basketball is a skill, but hand eye coordination is an ability that helps someone shoot a basketball
What is the difference between perceptual and physical abilities? (Give examples)
Perceptual abilities refer to the ability to take in sensory information and make decisions, like reaction time, blocking a punch coming at you. Physical abilities are traits like strength, flexibility, speed, endurance.
What are some practical implications with knowing what abilities a person has?
Identifying a person’s abilities might help influence how you teach them a skill, for instance a person with less coordination might need to break down a skill into smaller pieces than someone with more coordination.
The main components of the information processing model are what?
The main components of the information processing model are the input which consists of situational factors, the decision making which includes the perceived input and interpreting it, then the execution where you exercise a response to the stimulus.
The main components of the ecological approach consists of?
The main components of the ecological approach consists of perception based on affordances, then action. It essentially states that the response to a stimulus will be different for each individual due to their perceived affordances.
Affordances are?
Affordances are the person’s perceived ability to act on something.
Reaction time is?
Reaction time is the brief lag time that happens between when a stimulus is presented and when a response happens.
Response time is?
Response time is the time from when the stimulus is presented to when the response is done.
Movement time is?
Movement time is the length of the response to a stimulus. These two relate together because we can determine the amount of time we have to execute a response so we understand the required reaction times to perform a task.
Hicks law basically states that?
Hicks law basically states that increased levels of uncertainty leads to delayed or even inaccurate responses. Having a large tool box in competition can lead to uncertainty in your opponents which can cause delay in their reaction times and ability to respond correctly because they never know what you are going to do.
Anticipation is?
Anticipation is a prediction of an event
Event anticipation is?
Even anticipation is the event you are anticipating.
Temporal anticipation is?
Temporal anticipation is when the event will happen.
Define a precue
A precue is a clue or read or tell that someone might present giving them an idea of what they are about to do, its telegraphing.
Deception is?
Deception is the presentation of a false precue to get an incorrect response out of someone. A disguise is the hiding of precues.
