Kidneys - Terms/Definitions Flashcards
full body (generalized) edema
Anasarca
kidneys are not producing urine
Anuria
increased nitrogen level in the blood
Azotemia
fluid accumulation (edema) in the serous sac around the abdominal organs
Ascites
edema accumulates where acted upon by gravity, usually in the extremities
Dependent Edema
discomfort/pain during urination
Dysuria
blood in the urine; can be microscopic or visible to the naked eye
Hematuria
thickening of microvasculature walls, making them less flexible, and in the case of capillaries, less permeable—increases total peripheral resistance; also occurs in glomeruli as part of the degenerative process
Hyalinization
fluid accumulation (edema) in the serous sac around the heart
Hydropericardium
fluid accumulation (edema) in the serous sac around the lungs
Hydrothorax
high lipid content in the urine
Hyperlipiduria
chronically elevated blood pressure; the term malignant hypertension signifies severe, immediately dangerous hypertension
Hypertension
too much fluid in the blood
Hypervolemia
insufficient plasma proteins in the blood
Hypoalbuminemia/Hypoproteinuria
occurs when the body produces too much acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body; can lead to acidemia (blood pH is less than 7.35) due to increased production of hydrogen by the body or the inability of the body to form bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the kidney or remove hydrogen ions effectively
Metabolic Acidosis
reduced output volume per urination
Oliguria
effects of recurrent scarring in large blood vessel walls—laid down in layers, it resembles a sliced-through onion—increases total peripheral resistance
Onion-skinning
frequent urination
Polyuria
plasma proteins in the urine
Proteinuria
elevated uric acid in the blood, synonymous with failing kidneys; indicates metabolic wastes are not being cleared
Uremia
because of high urea content in perspiration, as fluid evaporates from the skin a white powdery residue is left behind
Uremic Frost
inflammation of blood vessels—these terms are used rather than arteritis or phlebitis when a condition affects both arterial and venous vessels, and also when it affects microvasculature primarily
Vasculitis/Angiitis
