Kidneys Flashcards
Functional until of kidney?
Nephron
Fluid is filtered from glomerulus to the Bowmans capsule by:
Blood pressure (afferent arteriole has larger diameter)
Bifid renal pelvis
Two renal pelvis
Congenital
Perinephric Abscess
Pus around kidney, spreading is prevented by renal fascia
Renal transplantation
Chronic renal failure
Transplant at iliac fossa
Renal and Uretic Calculi
Distention of ureter via renal calculus
T11-L2 spinal nerve problem
Removal: nephroscope or lithotripsy (shock wave)
Horseshoe kidney
Congenital (L3-L5)
Ureterocele
Balloon in bladder
Kidney congenital abnormalities
Bifid renal pelvis
Horseshoe kidney
Retrocaval ureter
Hydranephron
Balloon in kidney
Polycystic kidney disease
Genetic
Autosomal dominant - middle aged
Autosomal recessive - infancy/childhood
Angiotensin
Increase BP by vasoconstriction due to low GFR
Aldosterone
Via adrenal cortex
Increase Blood flow, increase BP, high Na, h2o reabsorption
Juxtaglomerular cells
Secrete renin that increases angiotensin which is detected by granular cells
Function of nephron (3)
- Glomerular filtration (bowmans capsule collects filtrate)
- Tubular re absorption via loop of Henle
- Tubular secretion via collecting ducts
Peritonitis
Inflammation of peritoneum
Ascites
(Hydro peritoneum)
Water in peritoneal cavity
Liver, digestive and heart problems
Omentum
Peritoneum fold with fat
Greater and lesser Omentum
Peritoneal recess
(Gutters)
Potential spaces formed by peritoneum draping over organs
- left and right pancreatic gutter beside colon
- hepatorenal recess/Pouch of Morison/Subhepatic recess
Between liver and right kidney
