Kidney unit

Question 1

Nephron

Answer 1

powehouse of the kidney , function infulenced by hormones
each works independently
all segments must work to be effective

Question 2

Glomerulus

Answer 2

mass of cappliaries
produces ultrfiltrate

Question 3

Ultrafiltrate

Answer 3

fluid water and solutes from the blood

Question 4

Filtration

Answer 4

passive doesn’t require energy

Question 5

excessive protein

Answer 5

more waste product

Question 6

with kidney function

Answer 6

BUN not effected much

Question 7

failing kidneys

Answer 7

BUN INCREASE

Question 8

Min urine output adults

Answer 8

500 ml

Question 9

orgiurial

Answer 9

urine output less than 500 ml

Question 10

Azotemia

Answer 10

increase of BUN and Creatnine

Question 11

kidneys filter how much blood

Answer 11

1600 L/day

Question 12

kidneys produce how much ultrafiltrate

Answer 12

180 L/d

Question 13

oxalate

Answer 13

component found in food

Question 14

kidney functions

Answer 14

Renin Angiotension system (fluid balance)
Maintence of calcium phos balance
produces eryhtroprotein regulates erythroid activity in bone marrow

Question 15

PTH

Answer 15

increase when the kidneys are failing

Question 16

Amemia

Answer 16

kidney disease the most likley cause

Question 17

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)

Answer 17

low urine vol is the single most important risk factor
are infulenced by poor fluid intake

Question 18

strongest predictor of stone reoccurance

Answer 18

obesity

Question 19

Big picture for kidney stones

Answer 19

increase fluid

Question 20

Aggrivate of kidney stones

Answer 20

apple and grapefruit juice

Question 21

high oxalate containing foods

Answer 21

potaoes rubarb navy beans rasberries

Question 22

Vitmain C intake with stones

Answer 22

don’t take vitmain C supplments dt breaking down oxalate so more is avalible for stones to form

Question 23

reduce stones risk

Answer 23

cranberry /orange juice tea coffee wine beer

Question 24

increase animal pro foods

Answer 24

increase the acity of the urine

Question 25

Glomerular disease - Nephritic Syndrom e ( inflamation)

Answer 25

can lead to CKD then to ESRD
signs is blood in urine
mild loss of renal function
major cuase is recent infection

Question 26

BLood in the urine

Answer 26

menas damge to the kidneys or bladder

Question 27

GD- Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 27

caused by uncontrolled or bad managment of DM
large amount of urinary protein lost
leads to hypoalbunemia edema hypercholesterolemia
abnormal bone metabolism

Question 28

AKI

Answer 28

short term (days or weeks)
after 3 months leads to CKD

Question 29

bun over 20

Answer 29

decrease blood flow to the kidneys usually dt dehydration

Question 30

uremia

Answer 30

loss of urea in the blood

Question 31

prerenal

Answer 31

dehydration

Question 32

renal parenchyma (within the tissues)

Answer 32

glomerular nephritis

Question 33

post renal

Answer 33

UTI

Question 34

low urine output

Answer 34

limit sodium

Question 35

CKD leading causes

Answer 35

HTN DM glomerularnephritis

Question 36

CKD diagnosis

Answer 36

look @ GFR see how much filtration is happening in the kidneys

Question 37

When stage 5 hits

Answer 37

dialysis or die

Question 38

CKD MNT goals

Answer 38

get underlying cuase undercontrol (DM HTN)
decrease progression and inflamation
maintain nutritional status and bone health

Question 39

Stage 3

Answer 39

is where bone impacts appear