kidney stones Flashcards
5 types of kindey stones
1-15% of people will develop
-calium oxalate
-calcium phosphate
-strivute
-uric acid
-cystine
symptoms of stones
if the stone get bigger then 5 mm it can cause ureter blockage
-oain in lower back
-blood in urine
-painful urine
-nausea
-vomitig
-urinary urgency
-restlessness
-sweating
formation of stones
decrease in urine volume with a surplus of stone-forming substances
-nucleation (homo with all crystal or hetero were debris is included too)
-growth
-aggregation
-retention in kidneys with more growth
-move to uretter
2 types of interventions for the stones
note that to avoid, docs recommend that we drink enough to form 2L of urine a day
lithotripsy( non invasive shock waves) or endoscopic removal (through bladder or a small insition to take stone out)
what is the chemical found in bone and teeth
hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate (60-70%)
what is osteoperosis
weakened bones with dec density
-most common in hips, wrists and spine
gallstones vs kidney stones
GS are make in the gall bladder and are compared of bile salts, bilirubin and cholesterol
risk factors of gallstones
birth control
pregnancy
family history
obesity
diabetes
liver diesease
rapid weight loss
how to reduce gall stone fromation
maintaining healthy weight
eating healthy diet with high fired and low sugar
what are some facotrs that increase the risk of getting stones?
high Ca2+ lvls
obesity
certain foods (high in sodium and protein)
mediations
calcium supp
hyperthyroidism
gout
not enough fluids
men vs woment with stone
men= 13% women =7%
how many people pass stones naturally?
78%
now likey is it for some one to reform stone in 4 years
50%
when is peak bone mass
30
what akes new bone and breaks bone down?
osteoblast makes, osteoclast breaks
