Kidney

Question 1

vesicoureteral reflux affects what structure? where at in the kidney? what do you see?

Answer 1

compound papillae in the upper and lower poles of the kidney; you will see dilated calyces with overlying renal cortical scarring

Question 2

Horseshoe kidneys get stuck during ascent on what?

Answer 2

IMA

Question 3

Ureteric bud fails to develop and induce differentiation of metanephric mesenchyme 􀁰 –> complete absence of kidney and ureter

Answer 3

Unilateral renal agenesis

Question 4

Ureteric bud fails to induce differentiation of metanephric mesenchyme–>􀁰 nonfunctional kidney consisting of cysts and connective tissue.

Answer 4

multi cystic dysplastic kidney

Question 5

Bifurcation of ureteric bud before it enters the metanephric blastema creates a Y-shaped bifid
ureter.

Answer 5

Duplex collecting system

Question 6

Condition of being born with only one functioning kidney

Answer 6

Congenital solitary functioning kidney

Question 7

Potter Sequence

Answer 7

POTTER sequence associated with:
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Oligohydramnios (trigger)
Twisted face
Twisted skin
Extremity defects
Renal failure (in utero)

Question 8

Underlying problem in potter sequence?

Answer 8

Oligohydraminos

Question 9

found at week 4; then degenerates.

Answer 9

pronephros

Question 10

functions as interim kidney for
1st trimester; later contributes to male genital
system.

Answer 10

mesonephros

Question 11

permanent; first appears in 5th
week of gestation; nephrogenesis continues
through 32–36 weeks of gestation.

Answer 11

metanephros

Question 12

ureteric bud gives rise to:

Answer 12

gives rise to ureter,
pelvises, calyces, collecting ducts; fully
canalized by 10th week
􀂃 Metanephric mesenchyme

Question 13

Metanephric mesenchyme interacting with ureteric bud induces:

Answer 13

induces differentiation
and formation of glomerulus through to
distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

Question 14

last to canalize 􀁰 most
common site of obstruction (hydronephrosis)
in fetus

Answer 14

Ureteropelvic junction