Kidney

Question 1

afferent/efferent arterioles

Answer 1

afferent = into the glomerulus
efferent = out of the glomerulus

Question 2

Bowman’s capsule

Answer 2

pouch like extension of the tubule, surrounds the glomerulus

Question 3

Glomerulus

Answer 3

tuft of specialized capillaries connected to the afferent and efferent arterioles, attached to the mesangium

Question 4

Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)

Answer 4

next to glomerulus and afferent arteriole, releases renin to affect take up more Na+ and H2O to raise BP

Question 5

Non-excretory functions of kidney

Answer 5

1. Regulation of salt content of the ECF -
2. Regulation of the water balance of the body
3. Potassium regulation
4. Acid-base regulation
5. Metabolism of drugs, albumin, insulin
6. Synthesis of erythropoietin

Question 6

Glomerular filtration

Answer 6

filtration occurs along extracellular pathway. Filtration barrier has a high permeability for water, small solutes, and ions

Question 7

Proximal convoluted tubule`

Answer 7

reabsorbs 50-60% of solutes and water

bicarbonate, NaCl

Question 8

Thin descending limb

Answer 8

permeable to water but not solute

Question 9

Thick ascending limb

Answer 9

reabsorbs 30% of NaCl, impermeable to H2O