Acid Base Flashcards
What regulates pH?
- Buffer system
- Respiratory center in brain stem
- Liver oxidation of strong acids
- Renal mechanisms
Three buffer systems
Phosphate, protein, bicarbonate
Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis
Increase respiration, breathe off CO2, [H] is reduced
Respiratory compensation for metabolic alkylosis
Decrease respiration, conserve CO2, [H] is increased
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
Measures pH and pCO2, calculates HCO3
BMP
Measures HCO3
Pulmonary embolus
Respiratory alkalosis
Hypotension/decreased perfusion
Metabolic acidosis
Vomiting
Metabolic acidosis
Severe Diarrhea
Metabolic acidosis (non-gap)
Cirrhosis
Respiratory alkalosis (progesterone -> hyperventilation)
Renal failure
Metabolic acidosis
Sepsis
Respiratory alkalosis / Metabolic acidosis
Pregnancy
Metabolic alkalosis (progesterone -> hyperventilation)
Diuretic use
Metabolic alkalosis