Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Kidney > Flashcards

Kidney Flashcards

1
Q

Function of kidney

A
  • filtrate
  • retroperitoneal organ (behind the peritoneum but attached to the abdominal wall)
  • located T12- L3 (left kidney is higher b/c there’s a liver on the right side of the kidney) (top part of the kidneys are protected by the ribs)
  • muscles: psoas major m., quadriaous lambarum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tissues of the Kidneys

A
  • renal fascia
  • perinephric fat
  • fibrous CT capsule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Renal fasica

A
  • tissue of kidney
  • dense, fibrous CT
  • anchors the kidney and adrenal gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Perineephric Fat

A
  • tissue of kidney
  • middle layer
  • adipose fat
  • cushions and protects kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fibrous CT capsule

A
  • tissue of kidney
  • dense fibrous CT
  • cushions and protects kidney
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Renal Column

A

cortical tissue in between the pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hilum

A

where the tubes (artery, veins, and ureter) enter and exit the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathway of the kidney filtration

A

cortex –> pyramids –> papilla –> minor calyx –> major calyx –> pelvis –> ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Renal Papilla

A

-newly formed urine is emptied to minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Minor calyx

A

-empties out to major calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Major Calyx

A

-empties to renal pelvis into ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nephron

A
  • structural and functional unit of kidney
  • glomerulus
  • glomerular capsule and bowman’s capsule
  • renal corpuscle
  • renal tubule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Glomerulus

A
  • tuft of capillaries
  • afferent and efferent arterioles
  • fenestrated
  • fxn: filter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Glomerular capseula dn bowmans’ cpausel

A
  • in the cortex
  • cup shaped that surrounds the glomerulus
  • parietal (tubes) and visceral layer (glomuerulus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Parietal layer (bowman’s capsule)

A
  • simple squamous

- not involved in the filtration process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Visceral layer

A
  • podocytes (modified, branching epithelial layer)

- involved in filtration process

17
Q

Filteration membrane

A
  • basement membrane
  • podocytes (foot process)
  • filtration slits (opening between the foot process) on the basement membrane
  • fendestrated endothelium of glomerular capillary
18
Q

Renal corpuscle

A
  • glomerulus AND glomerular capsule

- in the cortex

19
Q

Renal Tubules

A
  • PCT (cortex)
  • Loop of Henle (pyramids)
  • DCT (cortext)
20
Q

Collecting Tubule

A

NOT part of nephron

21
Q

Juxamedullary

A

close to medullary/pyramids

22
Q

Cortical

A

close to cortex

23
Q

Ureter

A
  • passes over the pelvic brim

- next to the bifrication of the common iliac arteries

24
Q

Ureter blood supply:

A
  • major (renal artery)
  • Gonadal artery (testicular/ovarian artery)
  • Abdominal aorta
25
Q

urinary bladder

A
  • pelvic organ

- rugae throughout the bladder except the trigone

26
Q

Urinary bladder Tissue

A

Transitional epithelium (stratified) b/c it is able to change shape depending on whether it’s full (cells flatten) or empty (dome shaped)

27
Q

Urinary bladder muscle:

A

Detrusor muscle

28
Q

Adult vs Children

A
  • adult: pelvic organ
  • children: intraabdominal organ b/c pelvis isn’t grown –> very be careful b/c they’re more prone to get it ruptured-think of seatbelts! –> starts moving down at age 6 and continuous until puberty
29
Q

Trigone

A
  • posterior wall, smooth
  • 3 openings (ureter x2 and urethra
  • where infxn happens!
30
Q

Urethra: male vs female

A
  • males have significantly longer urthera (less prone to UTI compared to females)
  • males: urthera needs to get through the prostate gland
  • females: uterus is in front of bladder and urethra
31
Q

Hroseshoe kidney

A
  • kidney starts as pelvic organ (unlike bladder) and makes it’s way up
  • inferior poles of the kidneys fuse together and gets stuck around L3-L5
32
Q

Renal Calculus

A
  • obstruction of urine outflow

- referred pain

33
Q

Referred pain

A

visceral pain as somatic sensation d/t pathway of the information going to the CNS so they c/o low back pain for kidneys

34
Q

PKCD

A
  • genetic disorder

- adult onset

Anatomy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions