KIDNEY Flashcards
Kidney develops from
✨ DEVELOPS in
✨ ADULT LOCATION
METANEPHRIC BUD
✨ DEVELOPS in
🍊 ILIAC FOSSA
✨ ADULT LOCATION
🍊 Lumbar location
Hilum of KIDNEY
Structures
⭐VAD⭐
Anterior ➡️➡️ Posterior
- Vein Renal
- Artery Renal
- Duct (Ureter)
Identify
Dromedary Humps
⬇️
Physiological Lobulations that can PERSISTS in adults
Which Kidney is preferred DONOR KIDNEY
Left KIDNEY
⬇️
Left Renal Vein in LONGER
(EASIER ANASTAMOSIS)
Which sided TESTICULAR VEIN drains directly to IVC
🧠⚡RIVer⚡
Right ➡️ IVC
All RIGHT Sided Veins directly drain into IVC
✨ Right TESTICULAR VEIN
✨ Right Suprarenal Vein
✨ Right Inferior Phrenic Vein
Identify
NUTCRACKER SYNDROME
✨ Left RENAL VEIN is compressed between SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & AORTA
Identify
⭐ RENAL COLLAR
Left Renal Vein SPLITS to encase the AORTA
Renal AGENESIS is ASSOCIATED with
POTTER’S Syndrome
POTTER’S Syndrome
Pulmonary Hypoplasia
Oligohydramnios
Twisted Skin (Wrinkled skin)
Twisted face (Facial deformities)
Extremities (Limb defects) ➡️ CTEV
Renal agenesis B/L
Potter Facies
U/L RENAL AGENESIS is associated with
VACTERL Syndrome
VACTERL Syndrome
V- Vertebral anomalies
A - Anal atresia
C - Cardiovascular anomalies
T- Tracheoesophageal fistula
E- Esophageal atresia
R- Renal and/or radial anomalies
L- Limb defects
Segmental RENAL AGENESIS is associated with which syndrome
UPMARK SYNDROME
Renal AGENESIS associated with
I/L:
1. AGENESIS of URETER
2. HEMITRIGONE
3. UNDESCENDED TESTIS
4. ABSENT FALLOPIAN TUBE
5. ADRENAL GLAND ABSENT
B/L:
1. UNICORNUATE / BICORNUATE UTERUS
2. SEPTATE VAGINA
IOC for DUPLICATION OF URETERIC SYSTEM
IVU
🌟 Which is the NORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🌟 Which is the ABNORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🌟 Which is the NORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🍊 Drains from MIDDLE AND LOWER CALYX
🌟 Which is the ABNORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🍊 Drains from UPPER CALYX
WEIGERT MEYER LAW
⭐ Used in
🧠⚡ADM⚡
⭐ DUPLICATION OF SYSTEM
⭐ Abnormal URETER (from UPPER CALYX) CROSSES the NORMAL URETER & ⬇️
OPENS more DISTALLY & MEDIAL TO NORMAL URETER (From Middle & Lower Calyx)
🧑🏻⚕️ Clinical Features of URETERIC DUPLICATION
- Never Been DRY
- URINE Dribbles from VAGINA
- Can pass URINE Normally also
- UTI
Location of ECTOPIC URETER Opening
⭐ In MALES
⭐ In FEMALES
⭐ In MALES
🎯 URETHRA
🎯 Always opens PROXIMAL to EXTERNAL SPHINCTER ➡️ INCONTINENCE never happens
⭐ In FEMALES
🎯 VAGINA
🎯 Always opens DISTAL to EXTERNAL SPHINCTER (OR) Outside the URINARY Tract ➡️ INCONTINENCE happens
Sign in IVU in DUPLICATION & MALROTATION OF PELVIS
Drooping Lily sign
🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE & GENES ASSOCIATED 💉
⭐ ADULT PCKD
⭐ INFANTILE PCKD
⭐ ADULT PCKD
🎯 AD
🎯 PKD1 & PKD2
⭐ INFANTILE PCKD
🎯 AR
🎯 PKHD
Fused portion of Horseshoe kidney lies at
L3-L4 level
Ascent of HORSESHOE KIDNEY is by
INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
🧑🏻⚕️ Clinical Features of HORSESHOE KIDNEY
- Palpable Mass at L3-L4 level
- INFECTIONS: more common in Pregnancy
- Kinking of Ureter: Pain DUE TO: Stone Formation (OR) HYDRONEPHROSIS
🩺 IOC for HORSESHOE KIDNEY
IVU
HANDSHAKE SIGN
(OR)
FLOWER VASE APPEARANCE
Seen in?
HORSESHOE kidney
💊💉 MANAGEMENT of HORSESHOE KIDNEY
- Asymptomatic: No management required
- HYDRONEPHROSIS (OR) Malrotated Pelvis with Stone Formation ➕
⬇️
PYELOPLASTY
Rule: FUSED PORTION of HORSESHOE KIDNEY IS NEVER CUT except
Symptomatic ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM
