KIDNEY

Question 1

Kidney develops from
✨ DEVELOPS in
✨ ADULT LOCATION

Answer 1

METANEPHRIC BUD

✨ DEVELOPS in
🍊 ILIAC FOSSA

✨ ADULT LOCATION
🍊 Lumbar location

Question 2

Hilum of KIDNEY
Structures

⭐VAD⭐
Anterior ➡️➡️ Posterior

Answer 2

1. Vein Renal
2. Artery Renal
3. Duct (Ureter)

Question 3

Identify

Answer 3

Dromedary Humps
⬇️
Physiological Lobulations that can PERSISTS in adults

Question 4

Which Kidney is preferred DONOR KIDNEY

Answer 4

Left KIDNEY
⬇️
Left Renal Vein in LONGER
(EASIER ANASTAMOSIS)

Question 5

Which sided TESTICULAR VEIN drains directly to IVC

🧠⚡RIVer⚡

Answer 5

Right ➡️ IVC
All RIGHT Sided Veins directly drain into IVC
✨ Right TESTICULAR VEIN
✨ Right Suprarenal Vein
✨ Right Inferior Phrenic Vein

Question 6

Identify

Answer 6

NUTCRACKER SYNDROME

✨ Left RENAL VEIN is compressed between SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & AORTA

Question 7

Identify

Answer 7

⭐ RENAL COLLAR

Left Renal Vein SPLITS to encase the AORTA

Question 8

Renal AGENESIS is ASSOCIATED with

Answer 8

POTTER’S Syndrome

Question 9

POTTER’S Syndrome

Answer 9

Pulmonary Hypoplasia
Oligohydramnios
Twisted Skin (Wrinkled skin)
Twisted face (Facial deformities)
Extremities (Limb defects) ➡️ CTEV
Renal agenesis B/L

Question 10

Potter Facies

Question 11

U/L RENAL AGENESIS is associated with

Answer 11

VACTERL Syndrome

Question 12

VACTERL Syndrome

Answer 12

V- Vertebral anomalies
A - Anal atresia
C - Cardiovascular anomalies
T- Tracheoesophageal fistula
E- Esophageal atresia
R- Renal and/or radial anomalies
L- Limb defects

Question 13

Segmental RENAL AGENESIS is associated with which syndrome

Answer 13

UPMARK SYNDROME

Question 14

Renal AGENESIS associated with

Answer 14

I/L:
1. AGENESIS of URETER
2. HEMITRIGONE
3. UNDESCENDED TESTIS
4. ABSENT FALLOPIAN TUBE
5. ADRENAL GLAND ABSENT

B/L:
1. UNICORNUATE / BICORNUATE UTERUS
2. SEPTATE VAGINA

Question 15

IOC for DUPLICATION OF URETERIC SYSTEM

Answer 15

IVU

Question 16

🌟 Which is the NORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM

🌟 Which is the ABNORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM

Answer 16

🌟 Which is the NORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🍊 Drains from MIDDLE AND LOWER CALYX

🌟 Which is the ABNORMAL Ureter in DUPLICATION of SYSTEM
🍊 Drains from UPPER CALYX

Question 17

WEIGERT MEYER LAW
⭐ Used in

🧠⚡ADM⚡

Answer 17

⭐ DUPLICATION OF SYSTEM

⭐ Abnormal URETER (from UPPER CALYX) CROSSES the NORMAL URETER & ⬇️
OPENS more DISTALLY & MEDIAL TO NORMAL URETER (From Middle & Lower Calyx)

Question 18

🧑🏻‍⚕️ Clinical Features of URETERIC DUPLICATION

Answer 18

1. Never Been DRY
2. URINE Dribbles from VAGINA
3. Can pass URINE Normally also
4. UTI

Question 19

Location of ECTOPIC URETER Opening

⭐ In MALES
⭐ In FEMALES

Answer 19

⭐ In MALES
🎯 URETHRA
🎯 Always opens PROXIMAL to EXTERNAL SPHINCTER ➡️ INCONTINENCE never happens

⭐ In FEMALES
🎯 VAGINA
🎯 Always opens DISTAL to EXTERNAL SPHINCTER (OR) Outside the URINARY Tract ➡️ INCONTINENCE happens

Question 20

Sign in IVU in DUPLICATION & MALROTATION OF PELVIS

Answer 20

Drooping Lily sign

Question 21

🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE & GENES ASSOCIATED 💉

⭐ ADULT PCKD
⭐ INFANTILE PCKD

Answer 21

⭐ ADULT PCKD
🎯 AD
🎯 PKD1 & PKD2

⭐ INFANTILE PCKD
🎯 AR
🎯 PKHD

Question 22

Fused portion of Horseshoe kidney lies at

Answer 22

L3-L4 level

Question 23

Ascent of HORSESHOE KIDNEY is by

Answer 23

INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY

Question 24

🧑🏻‍⚕️ Clinical Features of HORSESHOE KIDNEY

Answer 24

1. Palpable Mass at L3-L4 level
2. INFECTIONS: more common in Pregnancy
3. Kinking of Ureter: Pain DUE TO: Stone Formation (OR) HYDRONEPHROSIS

Question 25

🩺 IOC for HORSESHOE KIDNEY

Answer 25

IVU

Question 26

HANDSHAKE SIGN
(OR)
FLOWER VASE APPEARANCE

Seen in?

Answer 26

HORSESHOE kidney

Question 27

💊💉 MANAGEMENT of HORSESHOE KIDNEY

Answer 27

1. Asymptomatic: No management required
2. HYDRONEPHROSIS (OR) Malrotated Pelvis with Stone Formation ➕
   ⬇️
   PYELOPLASTY

Question 28

Rule: FUSED PORTION of HORSESHOE KIDNEY IS NEVER CUT except

Answer 28

Symptomatic ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM