Kidney

Question 1

Hormonal: synthesis of …… controlling ……. …….

synthesis of ……… regulates .. carrying capacity of blood

Answer 1

renin
blood pressure
erythropoietin
O2

Question 2

The kidney is surrounded by a …… …… which also surrounds the attached ……. ……..

Answer 2

fibrous capsule

adrenal gland

Question 3

ADH, aldosterone, natriuretic peptides, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor are hormones that ……

Answer 3

act on the kidney

Question 4

renin, vit D3 (calcitriol, erythropoietin, prostaglandins are hormones that

Answer 4

are produced by the kidney

Question 5

renal corpuscle > …………….. > …………… > ………. > collecting duct system

Answer 5

proximal tubule
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubule

Question 6

Blood supply of nephron has 2 sets of …… and 2 sets of ……

Answer 6

arterioles (afferent + efferent)
capillary beds (glomeruli + peritubular)

Question 7

Basic renal process:
1)
2)
3)
4)

Answer 7

glomerular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
metabolism

Question 8

GFR depends on a combination of:

1. ……… forces
2. ……… permeability
3. ………. area

Is regulated by both …….. and …….. input

Answer 8

starling
hydraulic
surface

neural + hormonal

Question 9

starling forces involved in filtration ……… pressure and colloid ……… pressure

Answer 9

hydrostatic

osmotic

Question 10

Decreased GFR: Constrict ……. ………. and dilate …….. ……..

Answer 10

afferent arteriole

efferent arteriole

Question 11

Increase GFR: Constrict ……. …….. and dilate ……. …….

Answer 11

efferent arteriole

afferent arteriole

Question 12

Clearance of ….. measures GFR

Answer 12

inulin

Question 13

What is used in clinic to measure GFR

Answer 13

Creatinine

Question 14

The main osmotically active solute in plasma is …….

Answer 14

sodium

Question 15

sodium balance is linked to …….

Answer 15

blood pressure