kidney

Question 1

blood into kidney

Answer 1

renal arteries

Question 2

blood out of kidneys

Answer 2

renal veins

Question 3

kidney main roles

Answer 3

1. removal of urea
2. adjustment of ion(salt) level in blood
3. adjustment of water content of blood

Question 4

ultrafiltration

Answer 4

1. blood form renal artery flows through glomerulus
2. high pressure builds up squeezes water, urea, ions and glucose out of blood into Bowmans capsule
3. membranes act like filters, big molecules like proteins and blood cells do not squeeze out. filtered liquid is the glomerular filtrate.

Question 5

glomerulus

Answer 5

Bundle of capillaries at start of nephron

Question 6

glomerular filtrate

Answer 6

filtered liquid in the Bowmans capsule

Question 7

reabsorption

Answer 7

Useful substances are selectively reabsorbed back into blood

Question 8

Reabsorption method

Answer 8

1. all glucose is reabsorbed from proximal convoluted tubule - used in respiration. reabsorption of glucose-active transport.
2. sufficient ions are reabsorbed. Excess irons are not.
3. sufficient water reabsorbed from collecting duct into bloodstream by osmosis.

Question 9

release of wastes

Answer 9

water, irons, urea form urine. Continues out of nephron through your ETA and down to bladder. Stored before being released urethra

Question 10

Osmoregulation

Answer 10

Balance of water coming in against the water going out

Question 11

How does ADH control water content

Answer 11

1. ADH makes collecting ducts more permeable, more water is reabsorbed into the blood.
2. Brain monitors water content of blood and the pituitary gland to release ADH into blood

Question 12

Water loss

Answer 12

1. Brain detects water loss
2. pituitary gland releases more ADH
3. nADH makes kidney reabsorb more water

Question 13

Water gain

Answer 13

1. Brain detects water gain
2. Pituitary gland releases less ADH
3. less ADH means kidney reabsorbs less water