key words and meaning

Question 1

Transitive thinking

Answer 1

understanding relation between 2 or more premises that lead to an inference that is logically necessary- for example if you know a is greater than b and b is greater than c you can infer a is greater than c

Question 2

class inclusion

Answer 2

ability to classify objects into 2 or more categories simultaneously. For example recognize large categories like ‘cars’ but knowing it includes smaller sub categories like ‘blue cars’-

Question 3

conservation

Answer 3

certain properties of objects remain unchanged despite a superficial transformation in appearence. For example a child can identify 2 identical objects despite its movement, order, or location. EG- water in a taller glass is same volume

Question 4

The appearance- reality distinction

Answer 4

awareness that things are not always what they appear to be. For example understanding that someone is dressed like batman does not mean they are batman.

Question 5

Assimilation

Answer 5

Taking previous information into our schema- children are constantly assimilating new information and experiences into their existing knowledge about the world.

Question 6

Accommodation

Answer 6

altering one’s existing schemas, or ideas, as a result of new information or new experiences

Question 7

Organisation

Answer 7

predisposition to group certain observations into logical knowledge.

Question 8

epistemology

Answer 8

study of the origins of knowledge and how we know what we know

Question 9

schema (3 basic ones)

Answer 9

cognitive structure that forms the basis of organizing actions and mental
representations so that we can understand and act upon the environment. Schemes
make up our frames of reference through which we filter new information. Therefore,
everything we know starts with the schemes we are born with. 3 basic ones- sucking, looking, grasping

Question 10

equilibration

Answer 10

children schemes are in balance and are familiar so no need to adapt.