Key Terms Ch 13

Question 1

Food intolerance

Answer 1

Is a chemical reaction to particular foods; it is not an immune response. Food intolerance, such as gluten intolerance, is much more common than food allergies.

Question 2

Functional foods

Answer 2

Are those foods that provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition, for example, by adding Omega-3 to a food that does not normally contain this nutrient, or by decreasing the fat content of a traditional food such as milk.

Question 3

Hi-Maize

Answer 3

Is a prebiotic substance used in food manufacture which is particularly rich in resistant starch and acts like dietary fibre in the body.

Question 4

Plant sterols

Answer 4

Are natural compounds present in plants which can improve health by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol through the small intestine.

Question 5

Prebiotics

Answer 5

Are compounds in food products that are non-digestible. These compounds stimulate the growth or activity of naturally occurring colonic bacteria, thereby improving health.

Question 6

Probiotics

Answer 6

Are live microbial food supplements such as the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus bacterial species which, when added to foods, enhance nutrient absorption from the bowel and protect the bowel against cancer and other major bowel disorders

Question 7

Resistant starch

Answer 7

Is starch that resists digestion and is not broken down or absorbed in the small intestine during digestion.

Question 8

Stevia

Answer 8

Is a natural sugar replacement derived from plants.