Key Reactions

Question 1

Are metal oxides acidic or basic?

Answer 1

Basic

Question 2

If an element conducts electricity, is it typically a metal or a non-metal?

Answer 2

Metal

Question 3

Which are described as acidic: metal oxides or non-metal oxides?

Answer 3

non-metal oxides

Question 4

What do each of the following state symbols represent: (s), (l), (g), (aq)

Answer 4

(s) - solid. (l) - liquid. (g) - gas. (aq) - aqueous (in solution)

Question 5

State the formula for the copper (II) ion

Answer 5

Cu²⁺

Question 6

State the formula for the iron (II) ion

Answer 6

Fe²⁺

Question 7

State the formula for the iron (III) ion

Answer 7

Fe³⁺

Question 8

State the formula for the lead (II) ion

Answer 8

Pb²⁺

Question 9

State the formula of the hydrogen ion

Answer 9

H⁺

Question 10

State the formula of the silver ion

Answer 10

Ag⁺

Question 11

State the formula of the zinc ion

Answer 11

Zn²⁺

Question 12

What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Answer 12

MgCl₂

Question 13

Are carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide acidic or basic?

Answer 13

Both are acidic as carbon and sulfur are non-metals

Question 14

Name the compound formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen

Answer 14

magnesium oxide

Question 15

What colour flames to sulfur, carbon and magnesium produce when they burn in air?

Answer 15

Sulfur = blue, Carbon = yellow/orange, Magnesium = white

Question 16

What happens when a small amount of hydrogen is burnt in a test tube?

Answer 16

Squeaky pop

Question 17

How can metal carbonates be used to produce carbon dioxide?

Answer 17

Themal Decomposition: when metal carbonates are heated, they break down releasing carbon dioxide. Alternatively, the carbonate can be added to an acid.

Question 18

State the colour of litmus in acidic and alkaline solutions

Answer 18

acidic = red alkali = blue

Question 19

State the colour of methyl orange in acidic and alkaline solutions

Answer 19

acidic = red alkali = yellow

Question 20

State the colour of phenolphthalein in acidic and alkaline solutions

Answer 20

acidic = colourless alkali = pink

Question 21

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Answer 21

7

Question 22

What is the pH of a strong acid?

Answer 22

0-2

Question 23

What is the universal indicator colour of a neutral solution?

Answer 23

Green

Question 24

What is the universal indicator colour of a pH 0-3 solution?

Answer 24

Red

Question 25

What is the universal indicator colour of a pH 11-14 solution?

Answer 25

Purple

Question 26

What is an acid?

Answer 26

An acid is a source of hydrogen ions, H⁺

Question 27

What is an alkali?

Answer 27

An alkali is a source of hydroxide ions, OH⁻

Question 28

What is a base?

Answer 28

A substance which can neutralise an acid, forming salt and water only

Question 29

acid + alkali →

Answer 29

acid + alkali → salt + water

Question 30

acid + base →

Answer 30

acid + base → salt + water

Question 31

acid + metal →

Answer 31

acid + metal → salt + hydrogen

Question 32

acid + metal carbonate →

Answer 32

acid + metal carbonate → salt + carbon dioxide + water

Question 33

Describe the observations of the reaction of aluminium and dilute hydrochloric acid

Answer 33

fizzing and metal disappears

Question 34

Give the formula of sulfuric acid

Answer 34

H₂SO₄

Question 35

What two observations can be made when a metal reacts with an acid?

Answer 35

Bubbles. Metal disappears.

Question 36

Is ammonia acidic or basic?

Answer 36

Basic

Question 37

Describe the test for carbon dioxide gas

Answer 37

Bubble the gas through limewater and see if it goes cloudy

Question 38

Describe the test for hydrogen gas

Answer 38

Use a lit splint to see if the gas pops