Colours & Chemical Names Flashcards
Ag (s)
Silver. Learn
AgBr (s)
Cream. Result of test for bromide ions (AgNO₃ + Br⁻) is a cream precipitate, which is silver bromide
AgCl (s)
White. Result of test for chloride ions (AgNO₃ + Cl⁻) is a white precipitate, which is silver chloride
AgI (s)
Yellow. Result of test for iodide ions (AgNO₃ + I⁻) is a yellow precipitate, which is silver iodide
At (s)
Black. Black, probably, though nobody knows. The halogens get darker as we go down the group, and iodine is dark grey, so astatine is probably black.
Au (s)
Gold. Learn
BaSO₄ (s)
White precipitate barium sulfate. Result of test for sulfate ions (Ba 2+ + SO₄²⁻).
Br₂ (aq)
Orange. Used in test to distinguish between an alkane (no result) and an alkene (goes colourless)
Br₂ (l)
Red-brown. Bromine is one of only two elements which are liquid at room temperature. The other is mercury, which is very different from bromine.
C (s)
It depends. Carbon comes in different forms (allotropes). Diamond is a colourless solid, graphite is a grey solid, and charcoal is black
Ca(OH)₂ (aq)
Colourless. Limewater is calcium hydroxide
Ca²⁺ (flame test)
Orange/red. Learn
CaCO₃ (s)
White. Calcium carbonate. Marble/chalk/limestone. Is the white precipitate formed when carbon dioxide is bubbled through limewater
Cl₂ (aq)
Green. Learn
Cl₂ (g)
Green. Learn
CO (g)
Colourless. Learn
CO₂ (g)
Colourless. Learn
Cr³⁺ (aq) (Triple Science Only)
Green. Oxidation of alcohol to carboxylic acid, using dichromate. The dichromate is reduced to Cr³⁺
Cu (s)
Copper (red-brown). Learn
Cu(OH)₂ (s)
Blue precipitate copper (II) hydroxide. Is the result of test for Cu²⁺ ions (NaOH + Cu²⁺).
Cu²⁺ (flame test)
Blue/green. Learn
CuCO₃ (s)
Green. Learn. Copper carbonate
CuO (s)
Copper oxide is the black powder we can react with sulfuric acid to produce blue copper sulfate crystals
CuSO₄ (aq)
Blue. Copper (II) sulfate solution. Crystallise this to make blue copper (II) sulfate crystals.
CuSO₄ (s)
White anhydrous copper sulfate. Add this to a sample to see if the sample contains water. If it does, it becomes blue hydrated copper sulfate. This is the chemical test for presence of water.
CuSO₄.5H₂O (s)
Blue. Hydrated copper (II) sulfate crystals
Fe(OH)₂ (s)
Green precipitate iron (II) hydroxide. Is the result of test for Fe²⁺ ions (NaOH + Fe²⁺).
Fe(OH)₃ (s)
Brown. Iron (III) hydroxide. Like rust. Is the result of test for Fe³⁺ ions (NaOH + Fe³⁺). Precipitate.
HCl (aq)
Colourless. Most acids are colourless
Hydrated iron (III) oxide
Brown. This is rust. Orange/brown.
I₂ (aq)
Brown. Learn
I₂ (g)
Purple. Learn
I₂ (s)
Dark grey. Darker than the halogens above it in Periodic Table
K⁺ (flame test, or flame when K reacts with H₂O)
Lilac. Learn
K₂Cr₂O₇ (aq) (Triple Science Only)
Orange. Potassium dichromate. Oxidation of alcohol to carboxylic acid, using dichromate. The dichromate is reduced to Cr³⁺
Li⁺ (flame test)
Red. Learn
Litmus (in acid)
Red. Learn
Litmus (in alkali)
Blue. Learn
Methyl orange (in acid)
Red. Learn
Methyl orange (in alkali)
Yellow. Learn
Methyl orange (when neutral)
Orange. Learn
Mg (when burning)
Bright white light. Learn
MgO (s)
White. White ash left behind when magnesium burns in oxygen
Most gases (g)
Colourless. If you need to guess the colour of a gas, guess colourless
Most solutions (aq)
Colourless. If you need to guess the colour of a solution, guess colourless
N₂ (g)
Colourless. In the air around us (78%)
Na⁺ (flame test)
Yellow. Learn
O₂ (g)
Colourless. In the air around us (21%)
Phenolphthalein (in acid)
Colourless. Learn
Phenolphthalein (in alkali)
Pink. Learn
S (s)
Yellow
Universal indicator (in acid)
Red. Learn
Universal indicator (in alkali)
Purple. Learn
F₂ (g)
Yellow. Fluorine is the lightest coloured of all the Halogens. Learn.
