Key Point Worksheets 1-3

Question 1

Why is there a trans conformation for (R-) side groups on adjacent amino acids when forming the peptide?

Answer 1

Trans configuration decreases steric hindrance of R groups by keeping the side chains of adjacent amino acids farther apart, leading to a more stable and less crowded peptide structure.

Question 2

What is a prosthetic group?

Answer 2

A non-protein molecule that is tightly & permanently bound to a protein and is needed for the protein’s biological activity. Typically involved in the protein’s function, often participating in the protein’s chemical reactions or helping stabilize the protein’s structure.

Question 3

What forces or bonds stabilize the primary structures?

Answer 3

Peptide bonds.

Question 4

Give the functional group of alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid, aldehyde.

Answer 4

-OH; -C=O; -COOH; -CHO (double bond O)

Question 5

Give the functional group of primary amine, thiol, ether, ester,

Answer 5

-NH2; -SH; -ROR; -RC=OO-R;

Question 6

Give the functional group of amide, phosphate, & a compound that contains an acyl group.

Answer 6

O=C-NH2; PO4; -Cl-C=O Acteyl chloride

Question 7

List the AAs that have hydrophobic side chains.

Answer 7

Glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), Valine (Val), Leucine (Leu), Isoleucine (Ile), Proline (Pro), Phenylalanine (Phe), Methionine (Met) & Tryptophan (Trp)

Question 8

List the AAs that have polar side chains.

Answer 8

Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), Cysteine (Cys), Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Gln) & Tryosine (Tyr)

Question 9

All acidic or basic AAs are ______ AAs. All AAs can form ____ bonds.

Answer 9

polar; hydrogen

Question 10

List the aliphatic AAs.

Answer 10

Glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline.

Question 11

List the aromatic AAs.

Answer 11

Phenylalanine, tryosine, tryptophan

Question 12

List the sulfur-containing AAs.

Answer 12

Cysteine, methionine.

Question 13

List the alcohol-containing AAs.

Answer 13

Serine, threonine

Question 14

List the basic AAs.

Answer 14

Histidine, lysine, Arginine

Question 15

List the acidic AAs.

Answer 15

Asparate, glutamate, asparagine, glutamine.