Key Knowledge 1

Question 1

Alpine environment

Answer 1

Often used to describe any high mountain area

The term refers to areas above a certain altitude that are treeless because of prolonged low temperatures

Question 2

Alpine environment in Victoria

Answer 2

The Victorian alps
Encompasses approx 500,000 hectares
Extends across the Great dividing range, including isolate plateaus such as lake mountains, mount Baw Baw and mount buffalo

Question 3

Two facts about alpine environments

Answer 3

1. Only 0.5% of Australia is truely treeless alpine

2. Highest mountain in Victoria is mount Bogon 1986m

Question 4

Endangered species for alpine

Answer 4

Baw Baw frog

Mount pjymy possum

Question 5

Coastal or marine environment

Answer 5

In general, the coastal environment can be defined as that area lying at the interface between land and sea (or other large body of water).
The Victorian costal environment and many other coastal areas range from sheltered bays and inlets to rugged cliffs. Factors that influence the appearance of a coastal area include exposure to large waves, wind, salt and natural land instability

Question 6

Two facts about coastal or marine environments

Answer 6

The largest threat to coastal areas comes from urban development and the associated issues of introduced weeds and aminaks which readily adapt to the environment.
In 2002 the Victorian government declared a system of marine national parks to further protect these regions

Question 7

Endangered species in coastal or marine environments

Answer 7

Hooded plove

Orange bellied parrot

Question 8

Explain flow

Answer 8

Being completely involved in an activity for its own sake. Your whole being is involved and your using your skills to the utmost

Question 9

Describe the flow model

Answer 9

The flow model of concentration and engagement suggests that people are at their happiest when they are fully and completely engaged in an activity, that is when they are in a state of flow

Question 10

Eight stages of the flow model

Answer 10

Anxiety Arousal Flow

Worry Control

Apathy Boredom Relaxation

Challenge level (y) 
Skill level (x)

Question 11

Competence mastery

Answer 11

To be the first person to accomplish something
To set a record
To build physical strength through outdoor pursuits
To be competent in the outdoor activity/skill

Question 12

Stimulus avoidance

Answer 12

A kind of negative reinforcement. This is where we do something because it helps us avoid something else.
Health and wellbeing
Appreciation of nature
To escape from the reality of everyday life

Question 13

Socialisation

Answer 13

This type of motivation relates to the social benefits we get from participating in outdoor experiences
To share nature with others
Personal and social development for young people
Contemplation and reflection, to learn from and about the outdoor environment

Question 14

Cognitive reward

Answer 14

About the metal rewards we get from participating in an outdoor experience
Outdoor pursuits - personal challenge 
Desire to prove something 
Desire for an adrenaline rush 
Experience challenges and uncertainty

Question 15

Heath lands

Answer 15

Often found near coastal areas or areas on sandy and low fertile soil
Dominated by woody shrub
Bird are the most common fauna species
Eg wilsons prom, Grampians

Question 16

Mailee

Answer 16

Mailee environments have Sandy soils and small healthy shrubs
Eucalyptus trees are dominate in this environment
Examples are in Victoria’s north west where the climate is hot and dry nod rainfall is low

Question 17

Dry Forrest and woodlands

Answer 17

These forests occur on well drained but nutrient poor soils , low rainfall, extended drought and high temperatures.
Eg Grampians
Mammals are rich in this environment as well as bird species, reptiles and insects

Question 18

Inland waters and wetlands

Answer 18

Flowing water sources like creeks and rivers as well as lakes and wetlands
Eg the Murray river
Birds are a major part of this environment

Question 19

Wet forests and rain forests

Answer 19

Found in central and north eastern parts of vic surrounding alpine environment
Cool temp, high rainfall
Eg Marysville

Question 20

Grasslands

Answer 20

Areas in which the vegetation is dominated by a nearly continuous cover of grasses. Grasslands mostly occur in small areas which are at risk of urban development, weed invasions, salinity and agricultural practices

Question 21

Where are grasslands in Victoria

Answer 21

Less than 1% of Victoria’s native grassland remains intact today
Patches of grassland areas are found in the northern and western parts of the state (eg avapiles region)

Question 22

Two facts about grasslands

Answer 22

Prior to European settlement grasslands covered the plains between the Murray valley and the great dividing range
Less than 10% of natural trees or shrubs cover

Question 23

Grasslands endangered species

Answer 23

Bush curlew