Key Figures and Events Exam 1 terms

Question 1

Hoplite

Answer 1

Heavily armed foot soldiers of Ancient Greece

Question 2

Xerxes I

Answer 2

Persian King who saught vengeance on Athens and Greece | famous for his massive invasion of Greece during the Greco-Persian wars where he captured Athens, but was ultimately defeated

Question 3

Prophetic Movement

Answer 3

religious movement in ancient Israel characterized by the role of prophets delivering messages from God to the people

Question 4

Author Evans

Answer 4

British archaeologist who uncovered Knossos on Crete, aiding in the recovery of Minoan civilization

Question 5

Hesiod

Answer 5

Ancient Greek poet, considered earliest Greek writer, known for ‘Theogony’ and ‘Works of Days’ | “father of Greek didactic poetry” | wrote about aspects of Greek culture

Question 6

Sea Peoples

Answer 6

confederation of naval raiders who attacked ancient Mediterranean civilizations during the late Bronze Age, led to collapse of several empires

Question 7

Homer

Answer 7

Ancient Greek poet known for ‘The Illiad’ and ‘The Odyssey’ / narratives shapes literary traditions

Question 8

Trojan War

Answer 8

legendary conflict between Troy and Greek states despicted in the ‘Illiad’

Question 9

Phillip II

Answer 9

King of Macedon known for unifying Greece and being the father of Alexander the Great

Question 10

Delian League

Answer 10

military assistant pact for ships/money | Greek city-states, many neutral cities forced to join after Greco-Persian Wars

Question 11

Mycenae

Answer 11

Ancient city in Greece at the center of Mycenaean civilization known for luxurious structures and early Greek culture

Question 12

Agon

Answer 12

Greek term for a contest, conflict, or formal debate

Question 13

Agoge

Answer 13

Rigorous education and training program taken by Spartan boys focusing on discipline, military skills, and endurance

Question 14

Linear A

Answer 14

undeciphered script used by the Minoans in Crete

Question 15

Ostracism

Answer 15

political process in Ancient Athens where citizens could vote to exile someone from the city for ten years if they endangered democracy, aimed at potential tyrants

Question 16

Peloponnesian War

Answer 16

long-lasting conflict between Athens and Spartans along with their respective allies, led to downfall of Athens | led to shifts of power in Greece

Question 17

Hittites

Answer 17

Ancient Anatolian people who established a powerful empire known for advances in chariotry and diplomacy

Question 18

Judaism

Answer 18

one of the oldest monotheistic religions centered around Yahweh and the Torah

Question 19

Cleisthenes

Answer 19

Ancient Athenian statesman known as the ‘Father of Athenian Democracy’

Question 20

Torah

Answer 20

central reference of religious Judaic tradition, last 5 books of Hebrew bible

Question 21

Koine

Answer 21

common dialect of Greek that emerged after the conquests of Alexander in the Hellenistic World

Question 22

Militiades

Answer 22

Greek general known for leading Athenians to victory at the Battle of Marathon

Question 23

Mycenaeans

Answer 23

Mycenaean people known for their culture, trade, influence on later Greek civilization

Question 24

Archons

Answer 24

high-ranking officials in Ancient Athens responsible for aspects of governance; held most power

Question 25

Helots

Answer 25

Spartan slaves

Question 26

Yahweh

Answer 26

name of god in Judaism

Question 27

Trojan Cycle

Answer 27

collection of Ancient Greek myths and stories about the Trojan War involving characters like Achilles and Odysseus

Question 28

Hellenic League

Answer 28

70 city-states bonding together against Persians (Athens and Spartans) during Greco-Persian Wars

Question 29

Leonides

Answer 29

(of Alexandria) King of Sparta known for leadership at Battle of Thermopylae where soldiers fought a much larger Persian army

Question 30

Trireme

Answer 30

Ancient Greek warship known for speed and agility, equipped with bronze points for destroying enemy ships