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Sociology > Key Concepts: Theories > Flashcards

Key Concepts: Theories Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Theory

A

A set of ideas a school of thought or particular way of doing things.

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2
Q

Structural

A

Institution shapes us.

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3
Q

Social action

A

We shape institution

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4
Q

Consensus

A

Everyone is in agreement

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5
Q

Conflict

A

There are disagreements in society

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6
Q

Macro

A

Done through generalizations and looking through society as a whole

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7
Q

Micro

A

Looking at society in small lived examples

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8
Q

Top down

A

Control comes from the top down

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9
Q

Bottom up

A

Control comes from the bottom and goes up - social action

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10
Q

Positivist

A

Based on data

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11
Q

Interpretavist

A

Based on depth detail opinions

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12
Q

Quantitative

A

Based on data

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13
Q

Qualitative

A

Based on depth research and opinions

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14
Q

Functionalism

A

Everyone generally gets along and if you do well you will succeed. Structural, macro, consensus

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15
Q

Meritocracy

A

If you work hard you will do well

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16
Q

Organic analogy

A

Society works by all parts working together and all are necessary to function

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17
Q

Interdependent parts

A

Society works by everyone and everything working together

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18
Q

Value consensus

A

We all share common values that allow us to get along

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19
Q

Social solidarity

A

We all share certain values and norms

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20
Q

B.U.N.I

A

Society must be beneficial universal necessary and inevitable.

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21
Q

Anomie

A

A state of normlessness

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22
Q

Marxism

A

A theory that oppression is based on class. Conflict, structural, macro, positivist.

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23
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

The ruling class

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24
Q

Proletariat

A

Working class

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25
Q

Economic base

A

All things connected to the means of production

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26
Q

Superstructure

A

All that maintains the social system

27
Q

Capitalism

A

The economic system that encourages making profit above all else

28
Q

Revolution

A

A period of fast and rapid change in society

29
Q

Alieanation

A

Workers feel disconnected from what they do

30
Q

Communism

A

A political ideology to give power to the people and abolish capitalism

31
Q

Ideology

A

A set of political beliefs

32
Q

Exploitation

A

Workers being used for their labour

33
Q

Feminism

A

Oppression is based on gender - conflict, macro, structural, positivist

34
Q

Patriarchy

A

Society is controlled by men

35
Q

Radical feminism

A

Men and women cannot co-exist and therefore women should only sleep with womeb

36
Q

Liberal feminism

A

Society is slowly improving for women

37
Q

Marxist feminism

A

Oppression is also based off class

38
Q

Difference feminism

A

Oppression is based off many factors i.e. race and class

39
Q

Black feminism

A

Oppression is based on gender and race

40
Q

False universality

A

Theories applied to white cis het women cannot be applied to all women

41
Q

Oppression

A

Where some are treated worse than others based on a characteristic out of their control

42
Q

Malestream

A

Research done by men with men and assuming it applies to everyone

43
Q

Subservient

A

One group is forced to serve another

44
Q

March of progress

A

Things are slowly getting better for women through legislation

45
Q

Subjucation

A

The act of establishing control over another group

46
Q

Interactionism

A

It sees society as a product of human interaction

47
Q

Agency

A

Humans create their own meanings

48
Q

Looking glass self

A

The sense of self is based on others perceptions of you

49
Q

Labeling theory

A

The idea that everyone is given labels based off features of themselves

50
Q

Social constructions

A

The things made by humans in our society

51
Q

Postmodernism

A

The theory that not one theory alone can explain society as it has so many different parts

52
Q

Globalization

A

A state of interconnectedness that provides access to far more cultures than previously possible

53
Q

Consumerism

A

The idea that satisfaction comes more from buying things than making things

54
Q

Risk society

A

A society that is too obsessed with the future

55
Q

Individualism

A

The idea that everyone is responsible for themselves

56
Q

Fragmented

A

Our society is split into many parts and is a fragmented society

57
Q

Relative (truth)

A

The idea that truth is relative and is what you make it

58
Q

The new right

A

The political arm of functionalism and was a political ideology popular through the 80s with the advent of Thatcher and Regan

59
Q

Political view

A

A view someone has on how society should be run

60
Q

Trickle down economics

A

The idea that those at the top if they have more money will give bonuses to those down below

61
Q

Competition

A

People that provide the same products and services but increase efficiency as capitalism forces them to inovate

62
Q

Culture of dependency

A

If welfare is too readily available people will live off it

63
Q

The underclass

A

What the daily mail would call benefit scroungers

Sociology (12 decks)

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