Education Key Concepts Flashcards
Meritocracy
The more you put into society, the more you get out
Bridge home/wider society
Education acts as a bridge between home and wider society
Role allocation
People with the best qualifications and skills get the best jobs
Ladder of opportunity
Opportunity is a ladder that must be climbed however Marxists would argue the steps are bigger for some rather than others
Social solidarity/ shared values
By having shared values social solidarity is achieved keeping us focused on similar goals
Social control
Elements in society designed to keep people in check e.g. school or police
Correspondence principle
Education mirrors the workplace in that rewards are given for completing tasks
Myth of meritocracy
The illusion of meritocracy prevents you from realising inequality in society.
Counter school culture
By believing you will amount to nothing in school you messaged around and thus amount to nothing
Hidden curriculum
Schools teach us things unintentionally e.g. lack of women in textbooks outside of traditional roles
Ideological state apparatus
An entity which transmits ruling class ideology
Cultural capital
Class indicators some are worth more than others accents, knowledge of art, important jobs
Gender role socialisation
Teaching children how to behave according to gender
Gendered subject image
Subjects have a gendered image e.g. humanities for girls science for boys etc
Gender domains
Boys feel more comfortable in certain areas than girls and vice versa
Peer pressure
The pressure students put on one another
Male gaze
Where males look girls up and down and make a judgement upon them
Symbolic annihilation
Absence of individuals from a certain CAGER from a certain role
Parentocracy
An education that conforms to parents wants and wishes
Meeting the needs of consumers (industry)
Education needs to meet the needs of industry
Accountability/competivity
Schools need to be accountable and competitive which is why league tables were introduced
Labeling
Teachers make observations and internalise those things about pupils
Self-fulfilling prophecy
When a label is given to a student they will internalise that and then become it
Ideal pupil
Pupil who is quiet, hands work in on time etc.
Halo effect
The ideal pupil gets better treatment and does better
Setting/streaming
Children are supposedly set by ability but it is more the teachers thinking how likely they are to cope with it
No universal values/ cultural diversity
Pupils from lots of different backgrounds
Pick and mix / bricolage
A society made up of many different parts so different types of school are needed
Postfordism
Society needs highly skilled workers to operate complex technology
Material deprivation
Students can’t afford things so they fail to achieve e.g. meals
Cultural deprivation
Children aren’t able to access things of high cultural value e.g. theatre and fine art
Language codes
Restricted and elaborated codes
Restricted code
Language that doesn’t fully explain and relies on a mutual understanding of previous interactions
Elaborated code
Students who speak using all details and don’t rely on previous interactions
Attitudes
M/C prefer deferred gratification
W/C prefer instant gratification
Deffered gratification
When a reward comes after an extended period of time
Instant gratification
When a reward comes instantly
Gender quake
A change in women’s behaviour more generally allowing them to achieve more
Crisis of masculinity
A lack of the traditional masculine jobs so W/C boys feel they’re doomed to fail
Feminisation of education
Girls have more positive role models in education with most teachers being women.
Self-negating prophecy
When a student rejects and fights against a label
Ethnocentric curriculum
The British curriculum focuses on whiteness
Institutionalised racism
Because of a lack of BAME leaders schools are institutionally racist
Tiger parents
Parents who have the very highest expectations of their children and will punish them if they don’t achieve
