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ANSC 315 > Key concepts > Flashcards

Key concepts Flashcards

1
Q

GE=

A

FE- DE

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2
Q

GE sample =

A

HE x (T2-T1) / sample wt

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3
Q

HE =

A

GE x sample wt / (T2-T1)

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4
Q

DE =

A

GE - FE

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5
Q

ME=

A

DE- GE - FE - UE

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6
Q

ME coefficient =

A

ME/GE

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7
Q

NE =

A

ME - HI

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8
Q

NE =

A

GE- FE - UE - HI

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9
Q

NE coefficient =

A

NE/GE

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10
Q

TDN =

A

DCP + DCF + DNFE + 2.25(DEE)

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11
Q

Apparent fecal or ileal digestibility

A

AA intake - AA feces / AA intake

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12
Q

True ileal digestibility

A

AA intake - (AA ileum - AA endogenous) / AA intake

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13
Q

% nutrient =

A

wt of residue / wt of sample x 100

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14
Q

NFE =

A

100 - proximate analysis fractions
100 - (%CP + %EE + %CF + %Ash + %H2O)

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15
Q

As fed -> DM basis

A

100 - moisture % = %DM
nutrient x 100 / DM %

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16
Q

As fed -> DM basis

A

100 - moisture % = DM %
nutrient x DM % / 100

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17
Q

DM digestibility =

A

(DM intake - DM output) / DM intake

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18
Q

indicator DM digestibility =

A

(indicator in feed) / (indicator in feces) X 100

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19
Q

specific nutrient digestibility

A

100 - (%indicator in feed x % nutrient in feces) / (%indicator in feces x % nutrient in feed)

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20
Q

True digestibility =

A

nutrient intake - (nutrient output - nutrient of endogenous origin) / nutrient intake

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21
Q

NDF digestibility

A

100 - (marker in feed x feces NDF) / (marker in feces x feed NDF)

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22
Q

IVDMD =

A

100 x [initial dry sample wt - residue - blank ] / initial dry sample wt

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23
Q

cellulose linkage

A

b (1,4)

24
Q

hemicellulose linkage

A

b (1,4)

25
Q

starch linkage

A

a (1,4)

26
Q

amylose linkage

A

a (1,4)

27
Q

amylopectin linkage

A

a (1,4) + a (1,6)

28
Q

lactose linkage

A

b (1,4)

29
Q

maltose linkage

A

a (1,4)

30
Q

amylose is (slowly/rapidly) digested and (branched/unbranched)

A

slowly, unbranched

31
Q

2 Ts + 1A in the essential AA

A

Tryptophan, Threonine, arginine

32
Q

endogenous vs exogenous proteins

A

end- sloughed off epithelial cells
exo-derived in diet

33
Q

what % of protein is found in skeletal muscle

A

40%

34
Q

endopeptidases vs exopeptidases

A

endo- digest from middle
exo- digest from OH end

35
Q

glutamine is ( ) to form ( )

A

deaminated, glutamate

36
Q

glutamate is ( ) to form

A

transaminated, a-ketoglutarate

37
Q

2 mechanisms of amino acid absorption

A

1) passive transfusion
2) transporters

38
Q

T or F: transamination reactions release free ammonia

A

F- only deamination does

39
Q

transamination of branched chain AA in skeletal muscle results in the production of what 2 things?

A

glutamine & glutamate

40
Q

alanine glucose cycle

A

branched chain AA under go transamintion to produce glutamine, then alanine

41
Q

alanine function

A

transport amino group from skeletal muscle -> liver
- releases free ammonia

42
Q

what is the link between the TCA & urea cycle?

A

oxaloacetate

43
Q

how many N enter the urea cycle? where do each come from?

A

2
- 1 from GI tract
- 1 from glutamine & glutamate

44
Q

where is RUP digested

A

small intestine

45
Q

RDP components

A

NPN + true protein

46
Q

NPN fate in rumen

A

produce ammonia

47
Q

true protein fate in rumen

A

degraded to AA & small peptides

48
Q

bacteria is ( ) as N source and protozoa use ( )

A

ammonia, bacteria

49
Q

2 types of urea transporters

A

1) facilitated
2) aquaporins

50
Q

purpose of urea recycling

A

source of N for microbes when N consumption is limiting

51
Q

more ATP = ( ) ammonia absorbed

A

less

52
Q

a more alkaline pH = ( ) ammonia absorbed

A

more

53
Q

denatured proteins are ( ) degradable

A

less

54
Q

acidic environment ( ) degradation

A

decreases

54
Q

smaller particles are ( ) degraded

A

more

54
Q

primary structure

A

AA sequence

55
Q

3D structure is the ( ) structure of a protein

A

tertiary

ANSC 315 (9 decks)

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