key associations 2 Flashcards
Cushing’s syndrome
- Ioatrogenic Cushing’s (from corticosteroid Tx)
- adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol)
- ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma
- paraneoplastic Cushing’s (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
Cyanosis (early; less common)
tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus
cyanosis (late; more common)
VSD, ASD, PDA
death in CML
blast crisis
death in SLE
lupus nephropathy
dementia
Alzheimer’s disease, multiple infarcts
demyelinating disease in young women
multiple sclerosis
DIC
severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major surgery
dietary deficit
iron
diverticulum in pharynx
Zenker’s diverticulum
diagnosed by barium swallow
ejection click
aortic / pulmonic stenosis
esophageal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide);
adenocarcinoma (US)
food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)
S. aureus
B. cereus
glomerulonephritis (adults)
Berger’s disease (IgA nephropathy)
gynecologic malignancy
endometrial carcinoma (most common in US); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)
heart murmur, congenital
mitral valve prolapse
heart valve in bacterial endocarditis
mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever),
tricuspid (IV drug abuse)
helminth infection (US)
Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides
hematoma - epidural
rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)
hematoma - subdural
rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)
hemochromatosis
multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation
(can result in CHF, “bronze diabetes” and increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
cirrhotic liver (assoc w/ hepatitis B & C & w/ alcoholism)
hereditary bleeding disorder
vWF disease
hereditary harmless jaundice
Gilbert’s syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
HLA-B27
ankylosing spondylitis, Rieter’s syndrome, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis
HLA-DR3 or DR4
DM type I, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE
holosystolic murur
VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation
hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis
Virchow’s triad (results in venous thrombosis)
secondary hypertension
renal disease
hypoparathyroidism
accidental excision during thyriodectomy
hypopituitarism
pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)
infection secondary to blood transfusion
HCV
infections in chronic granulomatous disease
Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli, Aspergillus (catalase positive)
kidney stones
- Calcium => radiopaque
- Struvite (ammonium) => radiopaque (formed by urease-positive organisms such as proteus vulgaris or staphylococcus)
- uric acid = radiolucent
late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected left to right becomes right to left)
Eisenmenger’s syndrome (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension / polycythemia)
liver disease
alcoholic disease
lysosomal storage disease
Gaucher’s disease
male cancer
prostatic carcinoma
malignancy assoc w/ noninfectious fever
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
malignancy (kids)
ALL, medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
mental retardation
Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome
mets to bone
prostate, breast > lung > thyroid, testes
mets to brain
lung > breast > GU > osteosarcoma > melanoma > GI
mets to liver
Colon»_space; stomach, pancreas
mitochondrial inheritance
disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only
mitral valve stenosis
rhematic heart disease
mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease
ALS
myocarditis
coxsackie B
nephrotic syndrome (adults)
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
nephrotic syndrome (kids)
minimal change disease
neuron migration failure
Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism & anosmia)
nosocomial pneumonia
Klebsiella, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
obstruction of male urinary tract
BPH
opening snap
mitral stenosis
opportunistic infection in AIDS
pneumocystis jirovecii pneumponia
osteomyelitis
S. aureus
osteomyelitis in SCD
Salmonella
osteomyelitis w/ IV drug use
Pseudomonas, S. aureus
