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FA rapid review > classic labs/findings 1 > Flashcards

classic labs/findings 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anti-centromere Abs

A

Scleroderma (CREST)

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2
Q

Anti-desmoglein (epithelial) Abs

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)

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3
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane Abs

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

glomerulonphritis and hemoptysis

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4
Q

Anti-histone Abs

A

Drug-induced SLE

hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide

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5
Q

Anti-IgG Abs

A 
Rheumatoid arthritis
(systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)
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6
Q

Anti-mitochondrial Abs (AMAs)

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

female, cholestasis, portal HTN

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7
Q

c-ANCAs

A

granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis

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8
Q

p-ANCAs

A

microscopic polyangiitis, Churg Strauss syndrome, primary sclerosing cholangitiis

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9
Q

ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA

A

SLE (type III HSR)

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10
Q

anti-platelet Abs

A

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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11
Q

anti-topoisomerase Abs

A

diffuse systemic scleroderma

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12
Q

anti-transglutaminase;
anti-gliadin;
anti-endomysial Abs

A

Celiac disease

diarrhea, distention, weight loss

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13
Q

Apple core lesion on abdominal X ray

A

colorectal cancer (usually Left sided)

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14
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase-positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts

A

Auer rods (AML, especially promyelocytic M3 type)

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15
Q

Bacitracin response

A

Sensitive: Streptococcus pyogenes (group A)
Resistant: Streptococcus agalactiae (group B)

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16
Q

Bamboo spine on x ray

A

ankylosing spondylitis

chronic inflammatory arthritis: HLA-B27

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17
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

due to splenectomy or nonfxnal spleen

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18
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

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19
Q

Bloody tap on LP

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

20
Q

Boot shaped heart on CXR

A

tetralogy of Fallot;

RVH

21
Q

branching gram pos rods w/ sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelii

22
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor

can compress sympathetic ganglion & cause Horner’s syndrome

23
Q

“Brown” tumor of bone

A

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica

deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color

24
Q

Cardiomegaly w/ apical atrophy

A

Chagas’ disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

25
Q

Cellular crescents in Bowman’s capsule

A

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

26
Q

“chocolate cyst” of ovary

A

Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)

27
Q

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

A

Homer-Wright rosettes

neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma

28
Q

colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

A

Cystic fibrosis (AR mutation in CFTR resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)

29
Q

Decreased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality

30
Q

degeneration of dorsal column nerves

A 
Tabes dorsalis (3' syphilis), subacute combined degeneration
(dorsal columns & lateral corticospinal tracts affected)
31
Q

depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra

A

Parkinson’s disease

basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia

32
Q

desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

A

Curschmann’s spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)

33
Q

disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-Exner bodies

granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary

34
Q

dysplastic squamous cervical cells w/ nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia

A

Koilocytes

HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer

35
Q

enlarged cells w/ intranuclear inclusion bodies

A

“Owl’s eye” appearance on CMV

36
Q

enlarged thyroid cells w/ ground glass nuclei

A

“orphan annie’s eyes” nuclei

papillary carcinoma of thyroid

37
Q

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

A

Mallory bodies (alcoholic hepatitis: reversible)

38
Q

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

A

Lewy body (Parkinson’s disease)

39
Q

eosinophilic globule in liver

A

Councilman body

toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever

40
Q

eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells

A

Negri bodies of rabies (Lyssavirus)

41
Q

extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain

A

Senile plaques (Alzheimer’s disease)

42
Q

Giant B cells w/ bilobed nuclei w/ prominent inclusions (owl’s eye)

A

Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin’s lymphoma)

43
Q

Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

A

Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)

44
Q

“hair on end” (crew-cut) appearance on x ray

A

Beta-thalassemia,

sickle cell anemia (marrow expansion)

45
Q

hCG elevated

A 
choriocarcinoma, 
hydatidiform mole (occurs w/ and w/o embryo)

FA rapid review (9 decks)

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