Key Area 1.5 And 1.6 - Structure Of The Genome And Mutation

Question 1

Deletion of genes

Answer 1

Chromosome mutation in which a sequence of genes is lost from a chromosome

Question 2

Deletion of nucleotides

Answer 2

Single gene mutation involving removal of a nucleotide from a sequence

Question 3

Duplication

Answer 3

Chromosome mutation in which a sequence of genes is repeated on a chromosome

Question 4

Genome

Answer 4

Total genetic material present in an organism

Question 5

Insertion

Answer 5

Single gene mutation in which an additional nucleotide is placed into a sequence

Question 6

Inversion

Answer 6

Chromosome mutation in which a set of genes rotates through 180 degrees

Question 7

Mutations

Answer 7

Random changes to DNA sequences

Question 8

Non-coding sequence

Answer 8

DNA sequence that does not encode protein

Question 9

Non-disjunction

Answer 9

Failure of spindle fibres to separate chromosomes during cell division

Question 10

Polyploidy

Answer 10

Possession of extra sets of chromosomes

Question 11

Splice-site mutation

Answer 11

Mutation at a point where coding and non-coding regions meet in a section of DNA

Question 12

Subsitution

Answer 12

Single gene mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another

Question 13

Translocation

Answer 13

Mutation in which part of a chromosome becomes attached to another