Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Higher Biology Unit 1 > Key Area 1.2 DNA replication > Flashcards

Key Area 1.2 DNA replication Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the requirements for DNA replication?

A 
DNA template 
Enzymes
Primers
ATP
Fee DNA nucleotides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the first thing that happens in stage 1 of DNA replication?

A

Hydrogen bonds break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a primer?

A

A primer is a short strand of nucleotides needed to start DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What end of the strand does the primer bind too?

A

3’ end (3 prime end)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 strands in replication called?

A

Leading and lagging strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the difference between the leading and lagging strand?

A

The leading strand has a free 3’ end and the lagging strand has a free 5’ end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens during replication at the leading strand?

A

DNA is replicated by the enzyme DNA polymerase, new nucleotides are added to the pre existing chain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What way can DNA polymerase add nucleotides?

A

3’-5’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is the leading strand said to be replicated?

A

Continuosley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens during replication at the lagging strand?

A

As DNA polymerase is only able to add nucleotides from the 3’ end the lagging strand is replicated in fragments, these fragments are then joined together by ligase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is the lagging strand said to be replicated?

A

Discontinuously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 enzymes used in DNA replication called?

A

Ligase and DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the purpose of PCR?

A

PCR is a technique for the amplification of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the requirements for PCR?

A

A sequence of DNA (template)
Primers
DNA nucleotides
Heat tolerant DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the first step in PCR?

A

The DNA is heated to between 90-98*C to break the hydrogen bonds between the 2 DNA strands separating them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the second step in PCR?

A

The DNA is cooled to between 50-65*C to allow the primers to bind to there target sequence

17
Q

What is the third step in PCR?

A

Reheated back to 70-80*C to allow heat tolerant DNA polymerase to replicate.

18
Q

What is PCR used for?

A

Forensics, paternity, disease testing e.c.t.

19
Q

What enzyme must be used in PCR? Why?

A

Heat tolerant DNA polymerase to stop it from denaturing at high temperatures.

Higher Biology Unit 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions