Keratotic Disorders/Neoplasms / Vascular Lesions Flashcards

1
Q
A

Actinic keratosis

  • gritty papule with erythematous base
  • lesions are often rough
  • Primarily occur at sites with greatest amount of sun exposure
  • consider bipsy (especially in immunosuppressed pts)
  • tx: liquid nitrogen, 5-fluorouracil → will lead to redness (MEANS IT IS WORKING)
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2
Q

Dysplastic Nevi

A

atypical mole

  • can be a marker for someone to have higher risk of melanoma
  • often will have a signature nevus = multiple of the same type of dysplastic nevi
  • diagnosis: clinical can do biopsy to r/o malignancy
  • tx: if multiple dysplastic nevi = should be seen for regular skin assessments
    • giant congenital nevus are risk factors for melanoma**
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3
Q
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Keratoacanthoma

  • type of squamous cell carcinoma
  • rapidly growing erythematous, crateriform nodules with a rolled border and central keratotic plug
  • → key finding: **CENTRAL CRUSTING**
  • tx: will often resolve after being shaved off
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4
Q
A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

**most common type of skin cancer**

  • papule or nodule with pearly appearance, smooth surface, well defined and firm, may have telangiectasia
  • ulcerating type: ulcer with crust and pearly border
  • diagnosis: biopsy!
  • tx: for small and low risk areas (<1cm and not on the face and scalp) : liquid nitrogen, dessication and curretage, Imiquimod , surgical excision = best option
  • for face/scalp = MOHs
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5
Q
A

Squamous Cell Carcinom

  • keratotic papule or nodule within a background of sun-damaged skin
  • tenderness is common
  • diagnosis: biopsy
  • tx: surgical excision with clear margins
    • MOHs for high risk area of the body
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6
Q
A

Malignant Melanoma

**most common cause of skin cancer-related death**

  • ABCDEFG
  • most common sites: males: back, upper extremities
    • females: back, lower legs
  • diagnosis: BIOPSY the entire lesion
    • if ulceration = poorer prognosis
  • tx: refer to dermatology
    • pt requires skin cancer screening every 3-4 months
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7
Q
A

Lentigo Maligna

type of melanoma

  • MOST COMMON on the face
  • usually has papules, nodules, or plaques along with appearance of red, white, blue or grey: should check for lymphadenopathy
  • diagnosis: shave biopsy and dermoscopy → will be more intense or have variations of browns/black than solar lentigo
  • tx: refer to dermatology
    • requires skin cancer screening every 3-4 months
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