Keratoconus Flashcards
What is Keratoconus?
An eye condition where the cornea progressively thins, causing a cone-shaped bulge to develop, leading to vision issues.
What are the signs of Keratoconus?
Oil drop reflex, Scissors reflex on ret, Vogt Striae, Fleischer’s ring, Progressive corneal thinning, Munson’s sign, Rizutti’s sign, Steep K’s.
What are the symptoms of Keratoconus?
Increased sensitivity to light/glare, Difficulty driving at night, Ghosting, Blurred vision (symmetrical but worse in one eye).
How does Keratoconus affect vision?
The cornea weakens and bulges due to reduced antioxidants, causing blurred vision, glare, halos at night, and distorted light.
What are the causes of Keratoconus?
The exact cause is unknown, but genetics and chronic eye rubbing (often linked to allergic conditions) play a role.
How is Keratoconus treated in the early stages?
Glasses or hard contact lenses to correct irregularities, though these may not always provide adequate vision.
What is corneal cross-linking in Keratoconus treatment?
A treatment to strengthen the cornea and help prevent further progression by stabilizing the cornea’s structure.
What is the last resort treatment for severe Keratoconus?
A corneal transplant where the damaged cornea is replaced with a donor cornea.
What is the management plan for Keratoconus?
Routine referral to an ophthalmologist, Monitoring corneal changes, Potential corneal cross-linking, RGP lenses, Corneal graft if severe.
What is Fleischer’s Ring in Keratoconus?
A ring of iron deposition around the base of the cone, visible during an eye exam.
What is Vogt’s Striae in Keratoconus?
Fine, vertical stress lines seen in the deep stroma of the cornea, which disappear with corneal pressure.
What are common complications of advanced Keratoconus?
Severe scarring and possible corneal tears, leading to swelling and long-term corneal scarring.
How does the progression of Keratoconus vary?
Changes can happen quickly or over years, stopping at any time or continuing for decades with no predictable pattern.
What are common visual distortions in Keratoconus?
Double vision in one eye, objects appearing distorted, bright lights having halos, and streaking of light.
What is Munson’s Sign in Keratoconus?
A visible bulging of the lower eyelid when looking down, caused by the conical shape of the cornea.
