Kaplan test Flashcards
Pt presents with retrosternal pain radiating to the back and jaw described as squeezing. Pain is aggravated by swallowing cold liquids. Diagnosis?
Esophageal spasm
Pt with acute trauma, LOC then lucid period before altered mental status. CT shows a lens shaped (convex) bleed protruding into the brain parenchyma. Diagnosis?
Epidural hematoma
Auer rods, which blood CA?
AML
What doe heinz bodies indicate on peripheral smear?
G6PD deficiency
What are Hirano bodies?
eosinophilic rod-like structures found adjacent to pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases (alzheimer’s, Pick’s)
What are Howell-Jolly bodies on smear associated with?
Asplenia
Philadelphia chromosoma blood CA?
CML
The vetilline duct, if not totally obliterated in the 7th week of life, can persist as what structure name?
Meckel’s diverticulum 3-4 feet above the ileocolic junction
What is the most common bone malignancy (adolescents with pain or swelling in the bone or joint)?
Osteosarcoma
What is the most common cause of urethritis?
Gonorrhea
What is the most common cause of cystitis (suprapubic discomfort)?
Coliform bacteria (e. coli)
symptomatic pt with a negative HIV ELISA test, what are the next steps toward diagnosis?
Send a viral load and a p24 antigen which are most sensitive
What are the Anti SM and Anti DS DNA tests for?
SLE, positive 40-60% of patients
What is the Anti-centromere (ACA) antibody for?
Scleroderma minor (CREST syndrome) the more insidious version of scleroderma
What is the Anti-DNA tropoisomerase I test for?
scleroderma typical patients are 70% positive
What is another word for sociopath?
Antisocial personality disorder
What study should be ordered to diagnose a pleural effusion?
left lateral decubitus xray
pt with new normocytic anemia has tear dropped cells. Diagnostic test? likely diagnosis?
bone marrow biopsy likely will show myelofibrosis (marrow fibrosis)
What is the chance that polyps are malignant?
Flat polyps - villous adenomas: 35%, adenomatous or villoglandular - 2%
At what age is intussusception most likely to occur?
3-12 months of age
What are the most common pharmacologic offenders of adverse effects of angioedema and urticaria (4 classes + 1 specific)?
Antibiotics, NSAIDs including ASA, Opiates, Contrast, ACE inhibitors
Female newborn with low apgar and on exam macroglossia, coarse facial features, enlarged fontanelles and an umbilical hernia. LIkely diagnosis? Confirmatory test?
congenital hypothyroidism confirm with thyrotropin (TSH) and T4
May not develop full symptoms until 3-6 months of age with failure to thrive
how long after starting wellbutrin is a quit date initiated for smoking cessation?
5-7 days
What immunoglobulin is for conferred immunity?
IgG
What immuniglobulin is for allergies?
IgE
What is the first antibody detected in response to an antigen?
IgA
Pt with vasculitis, upper/lower respiratory tract infections (recurrent) and glomerular nephritis, diagnosis?
Wegeners granulomatosis
Patient having difficulty writing and spasms when doing so. Feeling as though he just can’t bend is wrist the right way. Otherwise, no physical findings. Diagnosis?
Writer’s dystonia
Treatment for port wine stain skin lesions?
pulsed laser treatment
patient presents with short course diarrhea with blood and pus, organism?
Campylobacter
What is the most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea?
Enterotoxic e. coli
How do you treat a patient with bleeding hemophilia B?
Factor IX transfusion
What is the diagnostic imaging of choice for a AAA?
abd ultrasound
HIV patient with diarrhea and weight loss, organism?
Cryptosporidium
What is the treatment of presumed tylenol overdose within the first 4 hours?
NAC and activated charcoal
newborn turns blue but improves with crying, diagnosis?
coanal atresia (membrane preventing nasal oxygen exchange)
What is the antedote to benzos for quick reversal?
flumazenil
What is the antedote to heparine?
protamine
What is the antedote for acute lead poisoning?
Calcium disodium edetate
What is the Kleihauer-Betke test?
a test to identify the amount of maternal fetal hemorrhage exposure to determine rho-gam dose to be given after delivery
To maintain a patient ductus arteriosus in an infant with artery malformations, what management is performed?
prostalgandin E1 administration and room air ventilation to decrease oxygen’s effect on a narrowing ductus
pt with dyspnea and honeycombing on cxr. Diagnosis?
Asbestosis
pt with dyspnea and eggshell pattern on cxr, diagnosis?
silicosis
In a child with BRBPR, what is the first diagnostic test even if h/h is stable?
radionucleotide bleeding scan
What is the threshold for adding prednisone in the treatment of pneumocystis?
prednisone decreases mortality in PJP patients by 50% in the setting of hypoxia
Initial pneumonia management in an IVDU? organism?
S. Aureus, vancomycin
Patient in ICU with normal TSH, low T3/T4, diagnosis?
Euthyroid sick syndrome
What addictive substance is associated with a high MCV?
alcoholism - thiamine/folate deficiencies
What is the initial treatment of suspected septicemia in a sickle cell patient?
3rd gen cef or fq
What is the organism most ommonly afflicting CF patients when septic?
Pseudomonas
First treatment of choice for lung Small cell carcinoma?
chemo rad before surgery
What is the pathogen of an endocarditis induced by a dental procedure?
strep viridans
What is the pathogen (2) in endocarditis in IVDU?
Pseudomonas, serratia
In an HIV patient with mono, what should you suspect?
B cell lymphoma
What is the test of choice for identifying acromegaly (GH oversecretion)?
insulin-like growth factor - for GH levels, you have to first administer glucose then measure multiple times
What IV administration will immediately lower circulating potassium?
calcium gluconate
An otherwise healthy patient wears contacts and has a ulcer on her eye, pathogen?
Acanthameoba
