Kaplan Lec 1

Question 1

Newborn loss how much wt

Answer 1

Term newborns may lose up to 10 percent of their birth weight (BW) in the first few days after birth and typically regain their BW by 10 to 14 days

Question 2

wet diapers

Answer 2

age in days for the first week

after the first week it should be 6 or more

Question 3

Erb-Duchenne

Answer 3

C5–C6; cannot abduct
shoulder; externally rotate and supinate
forearm

Question 4

Clavicular fracture happen in which position 4

Answer 4

-shoulder dystocia in vertex
position
- arm extension in breech
- Palpable callus within a week
- Rx: with immobilization of arm and shoulder

Question 5

Perinatal asphyxia is
Uptodate

Answer 5

Condition of impaired gas exchange or inadequate blood flow that leads to persistent hypoxemia and hypercarbia that occurs in temporal proximity to labor (peripartum) and delivery (intrapartum)

Question 6

umbilical hernia 8

Answer 6

-Site of hernial defect
Umbilical orifice
-cause Delayed spontaneous closure of the umbilical ring
-associated with congenital anomalies (e.g., Down syndrome, trisomy 18, congenital hypothyroidism)
- presentation
*Mass that protrudes through the umbilicus covered by skin
*Mass increases with increased abdominal pressure (e.g., as a result of crying, coughing, straining)
*Reduces in size in recumbent position
*Hernia can be completely reduced (unless incarcerated).

-Low risk to develop complications
(incarceration, obstruction, strangulation, or rupture)
-Treatment
Conservative: ∼ 90% will spontaneously close by 2 years of age

Question 7

Toxoplasmosis
TORCH. 3

Answer 7

hydrocephalus with generalized calcifications and chorioretinitis

Question 8

CMV
TORCH. 5

Answer 8

microcephaly with periventricular calcifications; petechiae with thrombocytopenia; hepatosplenomegaly; sensorineural hearing loss

Question 9

Herpes:
TORCH. 3

Answer 9

skin vesicles, keratoconjunctivitis, acute meningoencephalitis

Question 10

Syphilis
TORCH. 3

Answer 10

osteochondritis and periostitis; snuffles (mucopurulent rhinitis)

Question 11

S/S of infant of diabetic mother 6

Answer 11

• Hypo Ca. Hypo Mg
• Asymettric vent hyperthropy
  -Tachypnea (transient tachypnea, respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac failure,
  hypoglycemia)
  -Small left colon syndrome (transient delay in development of left side of
  colon; presents with abdominal distention)
• Caudal regression syndrome: spectrum of structural neurologic defects of
  the caudal region of spinal cord
• Renal vein thrombosis (flank mass, hematuria, thrombocytopenia) from polycythemia

Question 12

most accurate hearing measure 3

Answer 12

• auditory brainstem response test (ABR)
• until age 6m
• computer based analysis