Dehydration

Question 1

Supplemental laboratory criteria for kawasaki 6

Answer 1

Anemia for age
Platelet count ≥450,000 after the 7thday of fever
Albumin ≤3.0 g/dL
Elevated ALT level
WBC count ≥15,000/mm3
≥10 WBC/hpf on urinalysis

Question 2

CAUSES OF INCREASED
WATER NEEDS; from skin 5

Answer 2

Radiant warmer
Phototherapy
Fever
Sweat
Burns

Question 3

CAUSES OF INCREASED
WATER NEEDS; from lungs 2

Answer 3

Tachypnea
Tracheostomy

Question 4

CAUSES OF INCREASED
WATER NEEDS; from GI 3

Answer 4

Diarrhea
Emesis
Nasogastric suction

Question 5

CAUSES OF INCREASED
WATER NEEDS; from GU

Answer 5

Polyuria

Question 6

CAUSES OF INCREASED
WATER NEEDS; other systems

Answer 6

Surgical drain
Third space losses

Question 7

How do you know the patient is responding to the given fluids

Answer 7

more alert and has a
lower heart rate, normal blood pressure, and improved perfusion.

Question 8

Acid/Base disturbance in GE

Answer 8

Metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Acid/Base disturbance in vomiting

Answer 9

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 10

Signs of severe dehydration 10

Answer 10

Tachycardia
Rapid and deep breath
hypotensive
Absent pulse
no tears
Delayed CRT
decrees skin turgor
dry mucous membranes
Sunken fontanelle
Severe oliguria or injuria anuria

Question 11

Percentage of dehydration in less than one year end more than one year

Answer 11

Infant 5% 10% 15%
Adolescent 3% 6% 9%

Question 12

TBW

Answer 12

TBW = weight (kg) * 0.6

Question 13

fluid deficit

Answer 13

% dehydration x weight (kg) x 10=mL

% of dehydration X wt = in Liters

% of dehydration = (pre-illness weight minus illness weight) / pre-illness weight

Question 14

free water Deficit

Answer 14

TBW* (1- desired Na/serum Na)

Question 15

solute fluid deficit (SFD)

Answer 15

SFD = Fluid deficit - FWD

Question 16

Na required

Answer 16

Na required (mEq) = (SFD mL + maintence fluid volume mL) * 14 mEq
/100mL