Kap 5 Zus. Flashcards
Subordinating conjunctions
Bevor- before
Dass- that
Obwohl- although
Wenn- if, whenever
Weil- because
Wann- when
Coordinating conjunctions
Aber- nevertheless
Denn- because
Sondern- rather (preceded by negative)
Oder- or
Und- and
Independent clauses and coordinating conjunctions
Clauses are connected by conjunction and no change of word order
Dependent clauses and subordinating conjunctions
Clauses are connected by subordinating conjunction and in second clause the finite verb is moved to end of clause
Dative articles
M/N- dem, einem
F- der, einer
Pl- den, allen
Nouns in dative plural
Nouns in the dative plural add -n unless the plural already ends in -n or -s.
(5 words that take -n: Herr, Mensch, nachbar, Junge, student)
Dative form of ‘wer’
Wem (to/for whom)
Dative pronouns (to/for __)
Ich- mir
Du- dir
Er/es- ihm
sie- ihr
Wir- uns
Ihr- euch
Sie/sie- Ihnen/ihnen
Word order of direct and indirect objects
The direct (accusative) object determines the order of objects. If the direct object is a noun, it follows the indirect (dative) object. If the direct (accusative) object is a pronoun, it precedes the indirect (dative) object.
IO before DO, unless DO is pronoun.
Common dative verbs
Antworten, danken, gefallen, glauben, helfen, gehören
Dative prepositions
Aus- out of; from (= is a native of)
Außer- besides, except for
Bei- with (at the home of); at (a place of business); near (in proximity of); while/during (indicates a situation)
Mit- with; by means of (transportation)
Nach- to (cities, countries, used without an article); after (time)
Seit- since, for (referring to time)
Von- from; of; by (the person doing something)
Zu- to (with people and some places); for (in certain expressions)