Kap 1; The Story of Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Vad är empirical approach?

A

Evidensbaserad metod som drar sina slutsatser från observation och experimentation.

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2
Q

How is psychology a science, and why is the “rat” always right?

A

Forskning inom psykologin baseras på den empririska metoden (observation och experimentation) och råttan (laborint) har alltid rätt. Fakta är fakta även när vi förvånas över den.

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3
Q

What are the three KEY elements of the scientific attitude?

A

Curiosity - triggers new ideas

Skepsis - encourages attention to the facts

Humility - helps us discard predictions that can’t be verified by research. You must be willing to be surprised and follow new ideas.

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4
Q

Hur verkar “kritiskt tänkande” för den vetenskapliga attityden och smartare tänkande i livet?

UBHU

A

Kritiskt tänkande testar idéer genom att:

  1. undersöka antaganden
  2. bedöma källan
  3. hitta gömda bias
  4. utvärdera bevis och komma till en slutsats.
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5
Q

Vad hände år 1879?

A

Wilhelm Wundt öppnade det första psykologiska laboratoriet.

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6
Q

How did behaviorism, Freudian psychology, and humanistic psychology further the development os psychological science?

A

before 1920 - “the science of mental life”

after 1920-1960s - “scientific study of behaviour”

Freudian and humanistic tog tillbaka fokuset på mentala processer.

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7
Q

Berätta om den moderna psykologin som tog fart 1960

Cognitive

Arv/miljö

Charles Darwin

Cross- cultural

positiv psykologi

A

1960 - cognitive revolution, tog psykologin tillbaka till intresset för the mind och till psykologins nutida df “The science of behaviour and mental processes”

Utökad kunskap om människans biologi och upplevelser har rest debatten om arv VS miljö.

Charles Darwins on naturligt selection led up to evolutionary psychology’s study of similarities because of our common biology and evolutionary history, and behaviour genetics focus on the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behaviour.

Cross-cultural and gender studies has diversified but also reminding us of our similarities

Psykologins traditionella fokus att behandla psykiska sjukdomar har expanderat till postiv psykologi som får människa att frodas.

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8
Q

What are psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives? 7x

NEBg PBC S

A

The biopsychosocial approach

More theoretical perspectives are:

  1. neuroscience
  2. evolutionary
  3. behaviour genetics
  4. psychodynamic
  5. behavioural
  6. cognitive
  7. social-cultural
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9
Q

Vad är applied research?

A

löser praktiska problem

ex: inom indstrial-organizational psychology

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10
Q

Vad är basic research?

A

utvidgar kunskapsbasen inom något område

ex: personlighet, utveckling, biologi, kognition, social psykologi
- Slaterboken

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11
Q

What are Psychology’s main subfields? 5x

A
  1. basic research
  2. applied research
  3. counseling
  4. clinical
  5. community
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12
Q

Berätta om SQ3R och 4 tips

A

Survey

Question

Read

Retrieve

Review

  1. Spaced study time 2. Learn to think critically 3. Process class information actively 4. Overlearn
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