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germany > Kaiserreich 1871-1918 > Flashcards

Kaiserreich 1871-1918 Flashcards

1
Q

when where anti socialist laws implemented and removed

A

implemented:1878
removed:1890
renewed 4 times

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2
Q

which chancellors served under KW2 and when did they rule

A

caprivi:1890-94
hohenlohe:1894-1900
bulow/the eel:1900-1909
holleweg:1909-1917

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3
Q

who basically ran the country from 71-88 as KW1 was a hands off chancellor

A

otto van bismarck

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4
Q

what materials were germany lead producers in

A

steel, iron, coal

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5
Q

what items were germany world leaders in in producing

A

electrical appliances(dishwashers,washing machines)

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6
Q

how did KW2 anger the British

A

alienated them in the telegraph interview 1907

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7
Q

what happened in the zabern affair

A

german troops march on zabern in alsace lorraine and broke up violent protests against their german rulers

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8
Q

name 3 workers acts did caprivi pass

A

health insurance bill
work place accident insurance
pension plans

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9
Q

what was weltpolitik

A

the idea that germany was to expand and take foreign territory to rival britains empire

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10
Q

what was the kulturkampf

A

kulturkampf was a test to make sure that german catholics would put their country before their religion, many catholics and priests were oppressed.

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11
Q

explain why germanys economy was thriving

A

they had high material exports and were world leaders in selling electrical appliances and cars

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12
Q

explain why germanys economy wasn’t doing well

A

agriculture had fallen from 40-25% of GNP and due to poor harvest relied on us imports
KW2 constantly requested higher military budget and almost bankrupt germany in 1907 on his navy spending

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13
Q

why did german agriculture struggle

A

workers moved to city for better pay and hours
people preferred foreign imports as it was better quality so profits were low

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14
Q

name the 3 major political parties and what wing they were

A

spd-left wing
zentrum-central
conservatives/national liberals-right wing

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15
Q

when did the spd become the biggest party in the reichstag

A

1912

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16
Q

what problems did the spd cause for the kaiser in the reichstag

A

spd had majority so he could not pass laws easily- he went over their head and passed them directly
they rejected his requests for increased military budget as they wanted to spend on workers

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17
Q

evidence germany was an autocracy

A

was one ruler that could overrule anything, had the power to dismiss a reichstag and appoint chancellors

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18
Q

evidence germany was a democracy

A

-had a reichstag who voted on laws, bills and the kaisers requests
-reichstag was voted in by the public

19
Q

why was caprivi fired

A

passed to many left wing bills and failed to pass an anti socialist bill

20
Q

who were other super powers at the time

A

russia,usa,britain,france

21
Q

who were junkers

A

they were rich prussian elites who owned large amounts of land

22
Q

who dominated the reichstag in the early years of germany

A

prussians

23
Q

what evidence is there to suggest that the prussians dominated new germany

A

-controlled large parts of the government including the army
-could pass any law or bill as they ha majority seats
-could veto andthing voted on in the bundesrat as they had 17 seats

24
Q

how did bismarck control the kaiser

A

every time he didnt get his way, bismarck would threaten to resign and break out in tantrums and heated arguments, which the kaiser didnt want

25
Q

what were cartels in germany

A

cartels were big nationwide businesses that would control the market of the product they produced, they would have no competition

26
Q

what were the benefits of having a cartel system

A

helped create and maintain steady prices and maintain sustainability and longevity. also allowed those companies to become major exporters as well as the companies were very large

27
Q

how did the banks help in the rapid growth of germanys economy

A

set up a long term loaning system to help new buisnesses start up

28
Q

what is the definition of autarky

A

to become self sufficient economically, not have to rely on imports

29
Q

what was the region in which most of germanys raw materials came from

A

the ruhr

30
Q

who were germanys enemies and allies by 1914

A

enemies- britain,france,russia
allies- austria-hungary

31
Q

name some of hohenloes successes and failures

A
  • succes: 6 year reign, scrapped the foreign trade policy
  • failure: failed to pass anti socialist bills, was only elected as he was a push over, his parties influence was declining,failed to undermine the sdp in the reichstag
32
Q

name caprivis successes and failures

A

success-recognised trade unions, made social reforms, increased military spending
failures-lost favour with high end conservatives and kaiser

33
Q

name bulows successes and failures

A

success-further social reforms and security for workers, tried to persuade workers away from socialism
failure- didnt increase military budget, increased gov. spending and therefore debt by 3x, socialist party grew even bigger despite his efforts

34
Q

name hollwegs successes and failures

A

success-took control of the military and foreign policy, balanced spending between demands from the left and the kaiser, women got to vote
failure- vote of no confidence, spd became the largest party, zabern affair

35
Q

why did the kulturkampf fail

A

-failed as the catholics always chose their religion
-germany wanted a closer relation with the catholic austria-hungary
-protestants started to oppose kulturkampf as it promoted hostility towards religion

36
Q

what anti catholic laws were applied to prussia in 1873

A

-no state financial aid to the church
-prussian catholics were deprived of some legal and civil rights
-existing priests had to retrain and prove loyalty to the state
-appointment of clergy was made by the state not the pope
-only those who studied in germany and passed a state exam could become priests

37
Q

what were some anti socialist laws implemented in 1878

A

-socialist organisations such as unions were banned
-socialist meetings were banned
-socialist publications were banned (books,pamphlets,newspapers)
-spd party were banned from the reichstag

38
Q

which political party did bismarck align himself with from 70-78 and why did it end

A

-allied with the national liberals
-ended due to clashes over economic protection, socialism laws and military budget

39
Q

What led to bismarck resigning

A

-clashes with the new kaiser over socialist views, foreign relations and bismarcks power

40
Q

who did bismarck align himself with after the NL

A

zentrum in 1878

41
Q

when did bismarck pass his protectionist laws

A

1879

42
Q

what caused economic growth between 1879-1890

A
  • increased younger population
  • availability of new raw materials because of new machinery
  • highly developed education system
  • banking system was free from state control
  • cartel trends
43
Q

what was the import export gap in 1890 compared to 1913

A

1890: 200i 153e
1913: 526i 495e

germany (4 decks)

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