Kahoot Flashcards
Which ABX is least likely to affect INR if a pt is on warfarin?
Cefalexin
(PCN least likely to interact with warfarin)
***ANTIFUNGALS WILL GREATLY impact INR
Thiazide diuretics are contraindicated in patients who have?
A sensitivity to sulfonamides
Potassium wasting diuretics
Loop
Thiazide
What is the longest recommended time interval between cervical screens for patients who are 30-64 yrs old
five years
pt taking ACE inhibitors should avoid….
Potassium rich supplements
ACE/ARBS can cause elevated K.
Who needs to avoid protein rich meals
Renal failure pts
Decreasing hepatic glucose production and absorption and increasing insulin sensitivity is the MOa of which drug?
Metformin
SGLT2 inhibitors MOA
pee out extra glucose
causes osmotic diuresis
“Serum Glucose Leaves Through 2 Kindeys” (SGLT2 inhibitor)
What is an anticholinergic used to tx overactive bladder?
Oxybutynin -
SE: orthostatic hypotension in elderly
What medications treat BPH
Alpha Blockers (-sin) / Alpha reductase inhibitor (-ride)
Tamsulosin
dutasteride
Doxazosin
“2sins and a ride”
Which vaccine is not recommended in pregnancy
MMR - live vaccine
Which medication is contraindicated in pregnancy
a. bactrim
b. Keflex
c. amoxicillin
d. nitrofurantoin
Bactrim - ALWAYS (d/t sulfa)
Nitrofurantoin - can be used until 3rd trimester
McMurrays tests evaluates for
Meniscal injury of the knee
“M for Meniscus”
what is the name of the test to evaluate for cholecystitis?
Murphys
- RUQ under rib. as a release of breath
your pt forgot to take their coumadin last night, 10 hours ago, what do you say?
Take last nights dose now, and your next one this evening when its due?
(Hasn’t been more then 12 hours)
A 28 year old has a 3/6 systolic murmur. Which characteristic indicates a need for referral?
A fixed split S2 - always abnormal
indicates pulmonary HTN as pulmmonic valve closing a second later then aortic valve causing split sound
Which mitral disorder results from redundancy of the mitral valves leaflets?
Mitral valve prolapse
How should a patient suspected with syphilis be screened?
what specific test?
Serum assessment
RPR - rapid plasma reagin
A diuretic that does not promote secretion of K into the urine?
a. lasix
b. HCTZ
c. bumetanide
d. triamterene
Triamterene “Tries to save K”
Bumetanide & Lasix = LOOP diuretic
HCtZ & metolazone - thiazide (super powerful, sig decrease in K )
Pt with poorly controlled HTN for 10 years… where would you expect to palpate the PMI?
5th ICS, left of the MCL
displaced laterally due to enlarged heart
sulfonylurea agents such as glimeperide work by
stimulate the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells
continuous urinary leaking or dribbling with a full bladder is referred to as
Overflow incontinence (ex BPH) - physical block
Other types
stress incontinence - weakening of pelvic muscle
urge incontinence - overactivity of decrease muscle
functional incontinence - cognitive impairment, elderly that are bedridden, restraints ect
which of the following is formed in the liver as a byproduct of protien metabolism and eliminated entirely by the kidney?
urea
25 yr old with Aortic stenosis. What is the likely etiology?
Congenital - typically affects Aortic
Acquired calcification - often with age that results in aortic stenosis
Rheumatic - often affects MITRAL stenosis
male pt presents with dysuria and penile discharge. what should be part of the differential?
Chlamydia and gonorrhea
your pt presences with a painless chancre in the genital area. the most appropriate medication is likely to be
Chancre = syphillis
tx PCN LA
Gonorrhea –> ceftriaxone
Metrodniazole - BV & tricha
Doxycycline - chlamydia
which insulin has the lowest risk of hypoglycemia
Glargine (Long acting)
Pt has UTI. what findings on a dipstick will best describe a typical UTI
Leukocytes and Nitrates
First line treatment for acute gout
Colchicine
a 65yr with BPH with overflow incontinence. what med is most appropriate?
Tamsulosin (Alpha blocker)
Chronic transmural inflammation of the GI tract, small and or large intestine often involving the terminal ileum
Crohns - affects ALL layeers of instine
UC - confined to colon only
empiric tx of STI
Ceftriaxone 500mg IM x 1, doxycycline 100mg po BID x 7 days
Pt has mild HFrEF. which drug will reduce morbidity and mortality long term?
Metoprolol succinate or carvedilol
ACE/ARBS
mineral corticoids - spironolactone (K sparing)
Entresto
NOT metoprolol tartrate- short acting
NEVER - Ca channel blocker - negative inotrope
Which of the following areas drain into the RIGHT lymphatic duct
Right Arm only
which is not a normal finding during pregnancy?
Diastolic murmur
what is the medication desferal used for?
Decreases iron levels -
which ABX may increase photosensitivity?
Ciprofloxacin & Tetracyclines
A characteristic in RA that is not characteristic in OA
symmetrical joint involvement
Which of the following is a skin manifestation dof INFLAMMATORY breast CA?
Peu D’Orange
a female pt diagnosed with chlamydia. how should this be managed?
tx with doxycycline
Gonorrhea - ceftriaxone
incontinence in which a cognitive or physical impairment keeps one from getting to the bathroom in time is
functional incontinence
trichomoniasis is what kind of pathogen?
Protozoal
which of the following regimens is appropriate for diagnosis of enterobiasis?
- Pinworms
albendazole: 1 dose now and 1 dose in 2 weeks
macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Pernicious Anemia
- vitamin deficiency anemias = macrocytic
- pernicious anemia secondary to loss of intrinsic factor which is secreted by parietal cells
Which of the following solid cancers has the best prognosis?
a. testicular
b. breast
c. thyroid ca
d. lymphoma
Testicular CA
Lymphoma - not a solid CA
a pt with newly diagnosed genital herpes would appropriately receive a prescription for
Acyclovir
65 yr male has an LDL of 200, what class of medications is preferred for tx?
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
Used to tx triglycerides
- weight loss
- lowering A1c
- Niacin
- Fibric acids
- Bile acid sequestrants
pediatric respiratory condition hallmarked by hoarseness
Croup
First line therapy for pan sensitive UTI in a women
nitrofurantoin - unless very late in pregnancy (3rd trimester)
PCN and 1st gen cefalosporins dont have great gram neg coverage which is most common in UTI
Fosfomycin - only 1 time dose, but very broad coverage
25 yr female with lower abd pain. What would suggest PID as cause?
Temp >101
Elevated ESR
Hyphae suggest fungal/yeast infection
crushing’s disease is caused by excess secretion of what?
glucocorticoids
Which drug is used to treat vertigo?
Meclizine
due to the mechanism of action meglitinides used in the tx of DM 2 should be administered when
at meal time - decrease absorption
what organism in a UA would make you think it is contaminated?
Lactobacillus - not a normal urine pathogen. often comes from external genitalia
the valve most commonly involved in chronic rheumatic heart disease is the
Mitral
which medication is an alpha 1 adrenergic antagonists (alpha blocker)
Terazosin
First line tx for CHRONIC gout
Allopurinol
syphilis may present as…
A rash
Which of the following tools should you first administer for a 84 yr old not motivated to participate in care?
a. CAD-7
b. MME
c. Geriatric Depression screening tool
d. CAGE questionnaire
Geriatric depression screening tool
mms- mini mental exam (cognitive impairment)
which STI is: Treponema pallidum infection, that penetrates intact skin or mucous membranes during sexual intercourse
Syphilis
yellowish raised growth on the conjunctiva that extends into the cornea is an
Ptergygium - extends into cornea
which of the following is a risk factor for testicular CA
a. epididmyitis
b. hx of chlamydia
c. HIV
d. Cryptochroidism
D. cryptochroidism
thalassemia minor can be categorized by
microcytic, hypochromic rbcs (hemolytic anemia )
Pts with a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21 is diagnosed with
Downs Syndrome
Combine Oral contraceptives indicated for… (besides birth control )
Premenstrual syndrome
NOT Breast ca prevention - estrogen will exacerbate risk
hypochromic, microcytic anemia is…
Iron deficiency anemia
Continuous urinary drippling or leakakage… what kind of incontinence?
Overflow
which of the following formed in the liver as a byproduct of protien metabolized and elminated by the kidney
Urea
what organism in the UA would make you think its contaminated
lactobacillus
Which of the following is a co-morbid condition with graves disease
SLE
cushing disease is caused by excess secretion of which?
glucocorticoids
most common cause of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease (Autoimmune)
pt with a full or partial extra copy of chromosome are diagnosed with
downs syndrome
hypochromic microcytic anemia?
iron deficiency
Trichomoniasis is what kind of pathogen
protozoal
what is one of the most curable cancers?
testicular
first line treatment for chronic gout?
allopurinol
treponema pallidum infection is a spirochete that penetrates intact skin or mucous membranes during sexual intercourse. Known as what?
syphillis
macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia due to Vit 12 deficiency
pernicious anemia
what is an anticholinergic medication used to treat overflow incontinence?
oxybutin
Due to the MOA, meglitinides used in the tx of DM2 should be administerd?
at meal time
sulfonylurea agents such as glimepiride do what
stimulate the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cell
pt with UTI. what findings on a dip stick typically indicate its positive?
positive leukocytes and nitrities
syphillis may present as
rash
How should patients with syphilis be screened?
Serum assessement (Rapid Plasma Reagin)
which mitral disorder results from redundancy of the mitral valves leaflets?
Mitral valve prolapse
