Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Higher Biology Unit 1💖 > Ka6 Mutations > Flashcards

Ka6 Mutations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the order of amino acids determine

A

The protein made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are chromosomal structure mutations

A

Deletion
Duplication
Translation
Inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the order of DNA basss determine

A

Order of amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is translocation

A

When a deleted section of a chromosome is attached to a different chromosome that is not it’s homologous partner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is inversion

A

When a sector of a chromosome is reversed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is duplication

A

When a section of a chromosome is copied twice during DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens to single gene mutations

A

Alwyss alter the order of bases
Only occur in 1 gene
Can have major or minor impacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens in splice site

A

Introns can be left in the mature mRNA transcript or a exon can not be included resulting in a non functioning protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can happen duing substitution

A

Missense
Nonsense
Splice site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 2 types of mutations

A

Single gene mutations
Chromosomal structure mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens during nonsense

A

A premature stop codon could be made resulting in a smaller polypeptide chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is deletion in single gene mutations

A

When one nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is deletion in chromosomal structure mutations

A

When a section of a chromosome is deleted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is substitution

A

When one nucleotide is removed then replaced by another single nucleotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a mutation

A

A random change in the genetic material resulting in no protein or altered protein being synthesised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is insertion

A

When one nucleotide is added to the DNA sequence

17
Q

What are frameshidt mutations

A

Deletion and insertion

18
Q

What can cause mutations

A

Mutagenic agents

UV LIGHT
X rays
Cigarettes
Virruss
Bacteria
Mustard gas
Drinking

19
Q

What happens in missense

A

One amino acid is altered
Have no impact or result in non functioning protein

20
Q

What are single gene mutations

A

Insertion
Deletion
Substitution

21
Q

What are frameshift mutations

A

Insertion and deletion
These lead to a major change in the order of AA making the protein differ and usually non functioning

22
Q

What happens during chromosomal structure mutations

A

Affects a whole region of a chromosome
Very serious and often fatal

23
Q

What is the evolutionary importance of mutations

A

Mutations are the only source of new alleles and variation

Without mutations all organisms would be homozygous and there would be no variation

Most mutations are harmful or lethal sometimes they can be a advantage

Higher Biology Unit 1💖 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions