Ka3 Gene Expression

Question 1

What determines your phenotype

Answer 1

Determine by proteins
The proteins are made from ur DNA code which is a particular order of DNA bases

When a gene is expressed the section of DNA is made into a protein

Question 2

What is your phenotype

Answer 2

Your physical characteristics

Question 3

What is gene expression

Answer 3

When a base sequence of a gene if turned into a protein

Only a fraction of the gene is cell are actually expressed

Question 4

What are structural differences between RNA and DNA

Answer 4

RNA.
Single stranded
Uracil
Ribose sugar
Found in nucleus and cytoplasm

DNA
double stranded
Thymine
Deoxyribose sugar
Only found in nucleus

Question 5

How does the genetic code from the DNA get to the ribosomes

Answer 5

mRNA takes a copy to the ribosomes

Question 6

What are the 3 types of RNA

Answer 6

messenger RNA

transfer RNA

ribosomal RNA

Question 7

What is the function of tRNA

Answer 7

takes and transfers a specific amino acid from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes

Question 8

What is the function of rRNA

Answer 8

forms the ribosomes along with proteins

Question 9

What is the function of mRNA

Answer 9

Carrie a copy of the DNA code form the nucleus to the ribosomes

Question 10

What is transcription

Answer 10

The synthesis of mRNA from a section of DNA

Controlled by RNA polymerase

Happens in the nucleus

Question 11

What is translation

Answer 11

Synthesis of a protein under the control of mRNA

found in the cytoplasm

Question 12

How does DNA determine the shape and function of a protein

Answer 12

Sequence of DNA bases determines the

Sequence of bases on the mRNA which determines the

Sequence of bases in the tRNA
which determines the

Amino acid determining the protein and its function

Question 13

What happens in alternative RNA splicing

Answer 13

One gene can make many proteins

Different mature mRNA transcript are produced from the same primary transcript

Different exons are removed so different combinations of exons are left making different protein

Question 14

What is transfer RNA ( tRNA )

Answer 14

Found in the cytoplasm
Has a particular shape due to hydrogen bonds
Many different tRNA exists

Includes anticodons and AA attachment site

Question 15

What is every 3 bases in the mRNA called

Answer 15

Codon
Each codon on the mRNA pairs up with a anticodon at the ribosomes

Anticodons are found on tRNA

Question 16

What do all proteins contain

Answer 16

Elements
- Carbon
- oxygen
- nitrogen
- hydrogen

Question 17

How many different Amino acids exists and why

Answer 17

20 different amino acids exists

These can be joined together in different order to produce different poly peptide chains

These form to 3 dimensional shapes that are held together by hydrogen bonds

A protein shape and size determines its function