Ka2 Replication Of DNA Flashcards
What is the DNA template
The original strand that has to unwind and unzip to allow replication to happen
What are primers
Short complementary strand of DNA that is made up of nucleotides
Provides a starting point
What is PCR
laboratory technique used to amplify specific target sequences of DNA
What are some applications of PCR
Blood, semen and tissues that can be used to solve crime scenes
Embryonic cells to prenatal diagnosis Genetic disorders
Settle paternity tests
What is DNA polymerase
Enzyme that makes the new strand of DNA by adding nucleotides to the template strand
What are free DNA nucleotides
They float free in the nucleus and will bind with their complementary base on the template strand
What does ATP do
Provide energy for the process
What does ligase do
Join the DNA fragments together
What is required for PCR
DNA polymerase
DNA nucleotides
Primers
Template strand
What is stage 1 of PCR
heat dna to 92-98°c to seperat the hydrogen bonds
What is stage 2 of PCR
DNA is cooled to 50-60°c to allow primers to bind to the target sequence in DNA
What is stage 3 of PCR
DNA is heated to 70-80°c so heat tolerant DNA polymerase can replicate the DNA
What is stage 1 of DNA replication
DNA unwinds and unzips as the hydrogen bonds break between the bases
This makes 2 template strands
What is stage 2 of SNA replication
A primer binds to the 3’ of the template strand
What is stage 3 of DNA replication
DNA polymerase moves along the template strand adding complementary nucleotides to the template strand
