JVD 2014 # 3 - Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog

Question 1

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

What was the study design?

Answer 1

• Prospective observational
• Mx C, Mx PM4, Mn M1 apices were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy.
• counted number of foramina and measured diameters

Question 2

What was the general apical shape dogs teeth?

Answer 2

• apical shape varied from round to elliptical and round-elliptical, with a regular or irregular surface; some specimens showed grooves and protrusions

Question 3

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

Which tooth had significantly more foramina?

Answer 3

• MnM1 significantly more (57 apical foramina)
• No significant difference between MxPM4 (36 apical foramina) and MxC (38 apical foramina )

Question 4

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

Was there a significant difference between diameter of apical foramina in the 3 different teeth type?

What was the diameter of most of apical foramina?

What was the maximum foramen diameter measured?

Answer 4

• No
• 85% of apical foramina measured < 50 um
• 234 um

Question 5

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

How does these values compare to apical foramina of human teeth?

Answer 5

• Human teeth:
  
  • 1 to 3 main foramina; diam 210-390um
  • variable accessory foramina 40-50 um

Question 6

What was the appearance and disposition of the cementum at the apical delta of dogs teeth?

Answer 6

• apperance of a “sieved plug” that seprated the dental pulp form the periodontium at the apical level
• generally, its center corresponded with the vertical axis of the root, and in some cases was lateralized to one side.

Question 7

What was the mean height of the apical delta?

Answer 7

2 ± 0.4-mm

Question 8

CP: Regroup info in cards 1-7, so card 8-12 can be deleted.

Question 9

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

What was the maximum diameter of any foramen?

Answer 9

234 um

Question 10

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

What was the measurement that 85% of the teeth were less than?

Answer 10

50 um

Question 11

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

What was the average diameter?

Answer 11

32-35 um

Question 12

According to Sabás Z. Hernández, DVM, PhD; Viviana B. Negro, DVM, PhD; Georgina de Puch, DVM; Paula G. Toriggia, DVM

in Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Tooth Root Apices in the Dog,

How many foramina did each tooth have on average?

Answer 12

P4 - 36

M1 - 57

Max. Canine - 38