JUDICIAL SYSTEM Flashcards
How was the judicial system of the Gupta Empire more developed than earlier times?
The Gupta judicial system clearly demarcated civil and criminal laws, which was more advanced than previous systems.
What were the two main branches of law in the Gupta judicial system?
Civil law dealt with property disputes, while criminal law addressed theft, adultery, and other crimes.
Who was considered the supreme authority in the judicial system?
The king was the highest judicial authority and was responsible for upholding justice.
What was the role of Brahmana priests in the judicial system?
Brahmana priests advised the king in judicial matters and helped interpret religious and legal texts.
Name some types of courts that existed during the Gupta period.
Karana, Adhikarana, and Aharmasana were different types of courts in the Gupta Empire.
How did the caste system influence the judicial system?
Laws and punishments varied based on varna, with higher caste individuals receiving lighter punishments.
What was the most common form of punishment in the Gupta legal system?
Fines were the most common punishment, while severe physical punishments were rare.
What was considered a criminal offense in the Gupta Empire?
Crimes such as theft, adultery, and harming others were considered criminal offenses.
How were property disputes resolved in the Gupta judicial system?
Property disputes were handled under civil law, often decided based on local customs and written records.
What was the significance of guilds in the judicial system?
Guilds (Shrenis) governed their members, settling disputes internally and maintaining their own legal codes.
How were punishments determined in the Gupta judicial system?
Punishments were determined based on caste, social status, and the severity of the crime.
What was the role of village councils in the judicial system?
Village councils (Panchayats) handled minor disputes and acted as local judicial bodies.
What kind of laws governed inheritance during the Gupta period?
Elaborate laws defined inheritance, often favoring male heirs and following religious prescriptions.
How did judicial decisions ensure fairness?
Judicial decisions were based on Dharmashastra texts, customs, and the king’s judgment.
Were there separate laws for merchants and traders?
Yes, merchants followed specific trade laws governed by their guilds.
How was law enforcement carried out?
Officials such as Dandapashika (chief police officer) ensured that laws were enforced.
Did the Gupta judicial system recognize different communities’ legal customs?
Yes, different communities, guilds, and regions had specific legal traditions that were respected.
What was the role of inscriptions in the judicial system?
Inscriptions recorded legal grants, land transactions, and judicial decisions.
What was the significance of Smritis in the Gupta legal system?
Smritis, such as Vishnusmriti, were legal texts that guided the judicial system.
How did the king ensure justice in the empire?
The king acted as the final judge, supported by ministers and Brahmana scholars in interpreting laws.
