Judaism Flashcards
What was the Levant?
Where faith was emerged from.
What were the rivers in the Levant?
- (North) Orontes river, which was like a stream and it dries up quickly.
- (Central) Sea of Galilee which was more like a lake.
What was the problem with society because of the rivers?
- Limited resources
- limited communication north and south
- Politically disjointed
- Different ethnicities and different languages
What was Jericho?
City-state in the Levant. It was small and poor, also had walls covering its surroundings meaning protection from wars.
Who were the tribals?
A group of people that claim to share an ancestor
Why were tribes important?
It was the main form of political unitiy
How did tribes survive?
Living semi nomadically, herding sheeps and goats.
Who were the Israelites?
Tribe that claimed they were related to Abraham.
How many Israelite tribes were there?
12 tribes
How did the 12 tribes come together to be one?
Due to warfare and outside threats the Israelites gathered together and decided to create a unified kingdom instead of being separate tribes
Who was King David?
Second king of Israelites.
What did King David do?
Israelites began to be a state. He established governmental center which was the capital Jerusalem.
Who was King Solomon?
King Davids son.
What did King Solomon do?
He built a temple in order to be a good city.
What is Jewish Diaspora?
Population of the Jews spend out through east and Mediterranean.
What was the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament?
Contains what it means to be a Jew and guidelines that defines Jewish religion
What were the five books of the law in the Old Testament?
- Torah
- Historical books
- Holy writing
- Prophets
- Apocalyptic/ Revelation writings
What was Genesis?
Explains how everything came to be, meaning humans, hebrews. Its a parabola about growing up and what happens when you grow up
Who was the god the Jews worshiped?
Yahweh
What consisted of the Ten Commandments?
The first five commandments were saying to only worship Yahweh. The other five commandments were saying to be moral (don’t cheat, lie, steal, kill, etc.)
What were the 3 post-exilic sects of Judaisum?
- Sadducees
- Pharisees
- Essenes
What were the sadducees?
temple worship, sacrifices. Concentrated in Judea, especially in Jerusalem
What were the Pharisees?
synagogue worship, prayer in Judea but also in diaspora
What is diaspora?
scattered around
What were the Essenes?
monastic, apocalyptic and eschatological sect of Judaism. Concentrated in Dead Sea region. They believed in the end of the world
Who were Zealots?
People that resent Roman rule. They want to push out romans and create independent rule
What book does Genesis and Exodus belong to?
The Torah
What were the gospels?
Literature containing Jesus’ life.
How many books did the gospels compose of?
4 books
What were the first three books of the gospels called?
Synoptic Gospels, Gospel of Matthew written for Jesus
What was the fourth book of the gospels called?
Gospel of John, Gospel of Luke written for Greek audience. Differs in content, order of events, and emphasizing divinity of Jesus.
