Greeks

Question 1

Who were the early philosophers known as?

Answer 1

Presocratics

Question 2

What did the presocratics study?

Answer 2

They were philosophers before Socrates. Their concern was for the natural world and how it works. (Natural phenomenon/explanation that could be proven, observed, and rational. Not caused by the gods

Question 3

What were postsocratics?

Answer 3

People that were interested in humans

Question 4

Who were sophists?

Answer 4

Teachers who claimed they could teach wisdom by appearing and sounding wise. Teaching how to talk convincingly

Question 5

Why did people at this time need to know how to speak well?

Answer 5

Athenians at this time had democracy as their government, which meant anyone could run for office. People who aspired to go into office, hired teachers to teach them how to speak well publicly so they could run and win.

Question 6

Who was Socrates?

Answer 6

He was a philosopher. Everything known about him is because of his student Plato

Question 7

What was the socratic method?

Answer 7

how a person can attain aerie, the education of ignorant people. Its the teaching through questioning and explain why something would be wrong with evidence.

Question 8

What was Plato’s Republic?

Answer 8

Plato talks about what would make an ideal state/government, which is education

Question 9

What was Allegory of the Cave?

Answer 9

Explains deeper concept of truth and knowledge. People are born ignorant, and people who can escape the ignorance and see every aspect of life are philosophers

Question 10

What kind of government did Plato believe in?

Answer 10

Plato hated democracy because it killed his teacher. Plato wants a philosopher king because a person who rules should be educated and have aerte because it would benefit society and benefit the soul and mind to better their existence.

Question 11

What school did Plato open?

Answer 11

The Academy, which is a philosophy school.

Question 12

Who was Aristotle?

Answer 12

Plato’s top student

Question 13

What literature did Aristotle write?

Answer 13

The Politics and Nicomedian Ethics

Question 14

What did the Politics state?

Answer 14

Talks about how all three governments (kingship, democracy, and aristocracy) can work if they meet the criteria. Also that a good state should provide education for its people

Question 15

What did Aristotle think the criteria was for the government to be effective?

Answer 15

1. Large middle class
2. Looking after interests of the whole
3. Public Education

Question 16

What was Nicomedian Ethics?

Answer 16

Aristotle wrote it trying to define what is the good and whats supposed to lead one to happiness. Everything is done for the “greater good.” Politics has the highest good for people as its goal.

Question 17

Whats proper function according to Aristotle?

Answer 17

People knowing and having their place in life. Peoples proper function as a whole is to cultivate and follow reason.

Question 18

Who was Alexander the Great

Answer 18

Plato’s most notable student. He invaded and conquered the Persian empire and expands Greece.

Question 19

What were Alexander Coins?

Answer 19

Alexander was on coins being depicted like a warrior. He was wearing a lion-skin on his head to depict himself like Hercules. On the back of the coin was Zeus. Alexander was hellenizing the notion that he’s related to the gods.

Question 20

Why did Alexander’s Empire get split up into three parts?

Answer 20

Because the kingdom was too big when he died and his son was a baby and his brother was slow so no one was able to take over by themselves.

Question 21

What were the three kingdoms Alexander’s empire got split into?

Answer 21

The Three Hellenistic Kingdoms:

1. Ptolemaic Kingdom
2. Seleudic Kingdom
3. Antigonid Kingdom

Question 22

What happened to the Ptolemaic kingdom?

Answer 22

Lasted the longest because it was surrounded by water and was rich and fertile.

Question 23

What happened to the Seleudic Kingdom?

Answer 23

Went to Mesopotamia and broke down quickly.

Question 24

What happened to the Antigonid Kingdom?

Answer 24

It goes under Roman control

Question 25

Whats the Hellenistic period?

Answer 25

A period when Greek Rule expands beyond the Greek Peninsula. Along with the spread of Greek Rule, was the spread of greek culture and language (hellenization where non-greeks adopt greek culture and languge

Question 26

Why was hellenization important?

Answer 26

because it was the blending of greek and barbarian cultures, faiths, ideas, and rulership styles. Barbarians could become greek through paideia.

Question 27

What does Oikoumene mean?

Answer 27

Translated to house of many/ the civilized world.

Question 28

Whats paideia?

Answer 28

Education, now one who wasn’t greek could use this to become greek if they could afford it.

Question 29

What did classical hellenistic sculptures attempt to depict?

Answer 29

1. Arete (Strove for realism, idealism and beauty)

Also depict ugly, pain and flaws

Question 30

What other kind of sculptures were created in this time?

Answer 30

motion sculptures like dancing faun which depicts motion and the fun aspects of life. There were also sports and wrestling sculptures.

Question 31

What did Putarch’s “Alexander The Great” state?

Answer 31

Said that Alexander was a philosopher king and that he would be able to “civilize” the barbarians. Alexander would conquer barbarians and help them because he civilized them and helped their “foolish” ways.

Question 32

What was the polis in Egypt?

Answer 32

Alexandria

Question 33

What was Alexandria?

Answer 33

It was a museum that had a library which translated non-greek texts to greek. Collection and translation non-greek texts.

Question 34

What school did Aristotle open?

Answer 34

Opened his own academy called “Lyceum”