Joints of the Skeletal System

Question 1

How many joints are in the body?

Answer 1

320

Question 2

What is a fibrous joint?

Answer 2

Immovable. Bones held together by fibrous connective tissue. No joint capsule.

Question 3

What is a cartilagilinous joint?

Answer 3

Semi-movable. Held together by cartilage. The bones are connected by ligaments and are sometimes seperated by cartilage

Question 4

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 4

Freely movable. Contains a synovial cavity containing fluid secreted by the synovial membrane.

Question 5

What is the sagittal plane of movement?

Answer 5

Divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides. Flexion and extension normally occur in this plane

Question 6

What is the frontal plane of movement?

Answer 6

Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves. Abduction, adduction and lateral flexion.

Question 7

What is the transverse plane of movement?

Answer 7

Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) halves. Rotation.

Question 8

What is the superior plane of movement?

Answer 8

Towards the head

Question 9

What is the inferior plane of movement?

Answer 9

Away from the head

Question 10

What is the anterior plane of movement?

Answer 10

Closer to or at the front of the body

Question 11

What is the posterior/dorsal plane of movement?

Answer 11

Closer to or at the back of the body

Question 12

What is the medial plane of movement?

Answer 12

Closer to the midline or mid sagittal plane of the body

Question 13

What is the lateral plane of movement?

Answer 13

Farther from the midline of the body

Question 14

What is the proximal plane of movement?

Answer 14

Closer to the attached end of the limb, orgin or midline

Question 15

What is the distal plane of movement?

Answer 15

Farther from the attached end of the limb, orgin or midline

Question 16

What is the superfirical plane of movement?

Answer 16

Towards or on the surface of the body

Question 17

What is the deep plane of movement?

Answer 17

Away from the surface of the body

Question 18

What is the prone plane of movement?

Answer 18

Face down

Question 19

What is the supine plane of movement?

Answer 19

Face up

Question 20

What is the articular joint capsule?

Answer 20

A fibrous capsule made up of the outer fibrous layer and inner synovial layer.

Question 21

What is the joint cavity?

Answer 21

Area between the two bones that forms a synovial joint

Question 22

What is the synovial membrane?

Answer 22

Secretes synovial fluid. Lubrication, nutrient distribution, shock absorption.

Question 23

What is the articular joint cartilage?

Answer 23

Thin layer of hayline cartilage which serves to line the epiphysis of the bone

Question 24

What is a articulating bone?

Answer 24

The bones which together form the joint

Question 25

What is a ligament?

Answer 25

Are a fibrous material or connective tissue which connects bone to bone

Question 26

What is a fibrous capsule?

Answer 26

Outer layer of the synovial joint, made up of dense connective tissue

Question 27

What is a synovial membrane?

Answer 27

The inner layer of the capsule and is composed of loose connective tissue

Question 28

What is a synovial fluid?

Answer 28

Fills the joint capsule and lubricates the joint

Question 29

What is an articular cartilage?

Answer 29

Covers the articulating bones, does not bind them together

Question 30

What is a hinge joint?

Answer 30

Allows movement in only one plane. Flexion and extension

Question 31

What is a gliding joint?

Answer 31

The articulating surfaces are usually flat and movement is in a sliding action. Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Question 32

What is an ellipsoid/condyloid joint?

Answer 32

An oval shaped convex (outward) surface fits into an oval shaped concave (inward) surface. flexion, extension, abduction, adduction.

Question 33

What is a saddle joint?

Answer 33

The articulating surfaces are concave in one direction and convex in the other. Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Question 34

What is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 34

A ball shaped end of one bone fits into a cup shapes end of another. Flexion, extension, abduction and rotation

Question 35

What is a pivot joint?

Answer 35

A rounded or pointed surface fits into a ring formed by bone and ligaments. Rotation

Question 36

What is a cartilage?

Answer 36

It dense, tough, withstands compression, can be worn and torn, depnds on regular physical activity for health

Question 37

What is a hyaline cartilage?

Answer 37

Is tough, smooth and thin. Is found covering bone ends to form a joint.

Question 38

What is an elastic cartilage?

Answer 38

Has the ability to spring back into shape immediatley due to properties of elastin. Can be found in places that require maintence of specific shape

Question 39

What is a fibrocartilage?

Answer 39

It forms various shapes according to its role and it acts as a shock absorber in cartilaginous joints

Question 40

What is a tendon?

Answer 40

attaching muscle to bone and transmitting the force produced by the muscle

Question 41

What are the 5 regions of the spinal column?

Answer 41

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Question 42

How many vertebrae are there?

Answer 42

24

Question 43

What is kyphosis?

Answer 43

Is an exaggerated outward curve of the thoracic spine 'hunch back'.

Question 44

What is lordosis?

Answer 44

Is an exaggerated inward curve of the lumbar spine.

Question 45

What is scolliosis?

Answer 45

A lateral deviation of the spine. This is more often than not a genetic disorder. Scoliosis can result from one side of the body being placed under constant stress

Question 46

What is the anterior spinal ligament?

Answer 46

These are ligaments which sit anterior to the vertebral column and help to maintain the stability of the joints between the vertebral bodies. They help prevent and resist hyperextension/excessive extension of the vertebral column.

Question 47

What is the posterior spinal ligament?

Answer 47

These ligaments are weaker than the anterior ligaments and help to prevent and resist hyperflexion/excessive flexion of the vertebral column and posterior protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc.