Joints Classification Flashcards
lecture 6
What are the three joint classifications?
Fibrous , Cartilaginous, Synovial
What are fibrous joints
Fibrous joints hold bones together by keeping them steady. They provide stability and protection
What are cartilaginous joints?
Cartilaginous joints are fibrocartilage that holds bones together and allows for a little bit of movement
What are synovial joints?
Synovial joints allow the most amount of movement and different planes of movement depending on which joint it is
Example of fibrous joints
Cranial sutures
Example of cartilaginous joints
Pubic symphysis
Describe synovial joints
They are free moving and are found in most limb joints.
How much movement bones can do and what planes of movement that they can happen in ….
is determined by the joint structure and how they fit together, what the soft tissues are and where they’re located
Why do we need different classes of joints?
To prevent us from falling over and to allow us to walk and move properly, there must be different of joint classes and their functions
What is bony congruence
How much of the bone is going to touch each other (surface area of bones that will touch)
What are the features of the synovial joint
- They have a complex association of tissues and structures
- They have to allow both free movement and controlled movement
What is the difference between the bony congruence of the hip and knee joint
The hip joint has a high bony congruence which makes it more stable while the knee has a low bony congruence which makes it less stable unless there is more soft tissue in it.
Bone ends determine….
the range of motion at a joint
Describe the basic structure of a synovial joint
There are two bone ends with cartilage covering them. The joint capsule wraps around it, The thin layer behind the synovial membrane makes the fluid inside the space which is called the cavity.
Essential things in a synovial joint
- There is hyaline articular cartilage at the end of the bones.
- The joint capsule wraps around the bone to keep things in place
-The space in between the bones is called the joint cavity
-Cavity
What is the synovial membrane
It creates a lot of synovial fluid to fill the cavity
What is the smooth bone underneath the cartilage called?
Subchondral bone
Why does the bone underneath the cartilage have to be smooth
Because it has to move against the neighbouring bone. This ensures a smooth frictionless movement
The joint capsule is made out of
dense fibrous connective tissue which is a sheet that wraps the whole of the joint
Why is the dense fibrous connective tissue present
It won’t tear or rip or let the bones fall away from each other
The lining on the inside of the joint capsule is called….
Synovial membrane
What is the synovial membrane
it is a thin sheet of secretory cells which secrete synovial fluid which is the fluid in the joints
Why should there be synovial fluid in the joints
it is needed in the joint so that there is water or lubrication in the joint when the neighbouring cartilages rub against each other
Synovial fluid is not blood but…
it has the same nutrients as it
