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Gross Anatomy: Unit Two. > Joints and Spaces > Flashcards

Joints and Spaces Flashcards

1
Q

Quadrangular Space borders

A

Teres Major: Inferior
Teres Minor: Superior
Long Head of the Tricep: Medial
Humerus: lateral

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2
Q

Quadrangular Space contents

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral artery and Axillary Nerve

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3
Q

Triangular Space Border

A

Teres Major: Inferior
Teres Minor Superior
Long Head of the Tricep: Lateral

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4
Q

Triangular space contents

A

circumflex scapular artery

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5
Q

Triceps Hiatus Border

A

long head Triceps Brachii, humerus, and teres major

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6
Q

Triceps Hiatus contents

A

Profunda brachii artery (Deep artery of the Arm) and Radial Nerve

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7
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint (SC)

A

between the clavicle and sternum

its a saddle type joint

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8
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint Compartments

A

Articular Discs: acts as a shock absorber at the sternal surface of the clavicle
Joint Capsule: ligaments that surrounds joint to reinforce

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9
Q

Ligaments for the Sternoclavicular joint

A

Anterior and Posterior Sternoclavicular ligament: reinforce the joint anteriorly and posteriorly

Interclavicular ligament: Strengths the sternoclavicular joint superiorly

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10
Q

Costoclavicular ligament

A

Runs from the inferior surface of the sterno-end of the clavicle to the 1st rib
Helps to limit elevation

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11
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint (AC)

A

synoival plane joint

Between the Acromion of the Scapula and the Clavicle

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12
Q

Ligaments of the Acromioclavicular Joint

A

Acromioclavicular Ligament: from acromion to clavicle and helps to strengthen the joint superiorly

Coracoclavicular ligament: anchors the coracoid process of the scapular to the clavicle

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13
Q

The two parts of the Coracoclavicular Ligament

A

Conoid ligament: from the coracoid ligament to the inferior conoid tubercle of the clavicle

Trapeziod ligament: superior to the coracoid process to the trapezoid line of the clavicle

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14
Q

Axilla space

A
  • Pyramidal space with a apex, base and four walls
  • helps to provide passageway for vessels and nerves going to and from the upper limb
  • almost disappears when the shoulder joint is fully abducted
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15
Q

Apex of Axilla

A

Cervico-axillary canal (passageway between neck and Axilla)

Bounded by the 1st rib, clavicle, superior edge of scapula

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16
Q

Base of the Axilla

A

Formed by concave skin, subcutaneous tissue, axillary fascia

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17
Q

Anterior border of the Axilla

A

Pectoralis major and minor

The anterior axillary fold is the most inferior part of this border

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18
Q

Posterior border of the Axilla

A

Scapula, subscapularis, teres major, and latissimus Dorsi

The posterior axillary fold is the most inferior part

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19
Q

Medial border of the Axilla

A

Thoracic wall and serrated anterior

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20
Q

Lateral border

A

Narrow bony way formed by the tubertubercle sucus of the humerus

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21
Q

What does the Axilla contain?

A

Axillary artery and it’s branches, axillary vein, lymphatic vessels, and branches of the brachial plexus

22
Q

Coraco-acromial arch

A

coracoid process+ coraco-acromial ligament +acromion

important in shoulder joint, and helps prevent superior displacement

23
Q

Glenohumeral joint type

A

shoulder joint

ball and socket

24
Q

Glenohumeral joint capsule

A

Fibrous capsule and synovial membrane

The Glenohumeral ligament (different types) strengthenes this capsule

25
Q

Glenohumeral labrum

A

ring-like, fibrocartilaginous that deepens the cavity

Along the posterior aspect

26
Q

Glenohumeral ligament type: Transerve humeral ligament

A

Run from the greater and lesser tubercle, forms a type of bridge over it

(as a canal for the tendon for the long head of biceps branchii and its synovial membrane

27
Q

Glenohumeral ligament type: Coracohumeral ligament

A

Coracoid to the greater tubercle

helps to strengthen the joint superiorly

28
Q

Bursa: Subacromial

A

Between the acromoin and coraco-acromion ligament

helps movement of the supraspinatus tendon under the arch

29
Q

Bursa: Subscapular

A

between the tendon of the subscapularis and the neck of the scapula

(Protects the tendon where it passes inferior to the root of the coracoid proces and covers the neck of the scapula)

30
Q

blood supply and innervation to the glenohumeral joint

A

anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries and branches of the suprascapular artery

the suprascapular, axillary and lateral pectoral nerves supply the joint

31
Q

cubital fossa: what is it

A

shallow triangular depression on the anterior surface of the elbow

32
Q

cubital fossa borders

A
  • superiorly is a line between the medial and lateral epicondyle
  • medially is pronator teres
  • laterally is brachioradialis
33
Q

cubital fossa floor and roof

A

floor: branchialis and supinator muscles
roof: fasica, skins, bicipital apnoreurosis, median cubital vein

34
Q

contents of the cubital fossa

A

medial nerve
radial nerve
biceps brachii tendon
the terminal part of the brachial artery

35
Q

functions of the elbow

A

eating,drinking, combing hair, brushing teeth, talking on the phone…etc

36
Q

carry angle for men and women

A

men: 5-10 degrees
women: 10-15

these angles are in normal position and carrying a bag

37
Q

the three articulations on the elbow joint, that occur within the joint capsule

A

flexion and extension, unilateral hinge joint:
humeroulna joint
humeroradial joint

gives supination and pronation, pivot joint:
proximal radioulnar joint

38
Q

differences in ulna and radius in supination and pronation

A

in supination they are parrellel and in pronation the radius crosses the ulna

39
Q

collateral ligaments of the elbow

A

strong fibrous thickening of joint capsule
two different types:
-radial collateral ligament
-ulnar collateral ligament

40
Q

Radial collateral ligament elbow

A
  • elbow
  • lateral epicondyle and blends into annular ligament
  • stablizes the joint against varus stress (adduction)
41
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament elbow

A
  • elbow
  • medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna with three bands
    • anterior, posterior, oblique
  • stabilizes the joint against valgus stress (abduction)
42
Q

Anterior band ulnar collateral ligament elbow

A

tight band in extension

loose in flexion, which could then limit extension

43
Q

posterior band ulnar collateral ligament elbow

A

tight in flexion (loose in extension)

44
Q

oblique band ulnar collateral ligament elbow

A

deepen the trochlear notch to help the trochlea sit better in the fossa

45
Q

Annular ligament elbow

A
  • elbow
  • encircles head of radius in the radial notch of the ulna and serves as an articular srface
  • almost covers the entire head of the radius
46
Q

oblique cord elbow

A
  • holds radius and ulna together

- damage can cause a loose pronation and supination

47
Q

interosseous membrane

A
  • elbow

- prevetns proximal displacement of radius on ulna (inbetweeen the two bones)

48
Q

Epicondyles and olecranon relation to each other in flexion

A

they form a triangle

49
Q

Epicondyles and olecranon relation to each other in extension

A

they are all aligned during extension

50
Q

olecranon bursa

A

fluid-filled sac that allows tendon to move over the bone

51
Q

supracondylar fracture

A
  • above the condyles

- common in children and older people

52
Q

nursemaid elbow

A

can dislocate the radial head from the angular ligament

Gross Anatomy: Unit Two. (10 decks)

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