Joints and Random

Question 0

Passive expiration

Answer 0

Muscles relax, intrathoracic volume decreases, and intrathoracic pressure increases, intra-abdominal pressure decreases

Question 1

What are the three types of ribs and their corresponding numbers?

Answer 1

True (vertebrocostal) ribs: 1-7
False (vertebrochondral) ribs: 8-10
Floating (free) ribs: 11-12

Question 2

Passive inspiration

Answer 2

Muscles contract, intrathoracic volume increases, and intrathoracic pressure decreases, intra-abdominal pressure increases

Question 3

“Pump handle movement”

Answer 3

Anteroposterior (AP) dimension - anterior ends of ribs and sternum (especially inferior end) rise like a pump handle

Question 4

“Bucket-handle movement”

Answer 4

Transverse dimension - thorax increases slightly raising the most lateral parts of the ribs (especially the most inferior ones)

Question 5

Vertical dimension

Answer 5

Increases during inspiration and the diaphragm descends and returns to normal position during expiration

Question 6

Intervertebral joint type

Answer 6

Secondary cartilaginous

Question 7

Costovertebral joint type

Answer 7

Synovial plane

Question 8

Costotransverse joint type

Answer 8

Synovial plane

Question 9

Sternocostal joint type

Answer 9

1st rib: primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)

2-7th ribs: synovial plane

Question 10

Sternoclavicular joint type

Answer 10

Synovial saddle

Question 11

Costochondral joint type

Answer 11

Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)

Question 12

Interchondral joint type

Answer 12

Synovial plane

Question 13

Manubriosternal joint type

Answer 13

Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)

Question 14

Xiphisternal joint type

Answer 14

Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)

Question 15

What are the two openings of the inguinal canal?

Answer 15

Deep (internal) ring and superficial (external) inguinal ring

Question 16

Manubrium alignment with vertebrae

Answer 16

T3-T4

Question 17

Sternal angle alignment with vertebrae

Answer 17

Intervertebral disc of T4 and T5

Question 18

Body of the sternum alignment with vertebrae

Answer 18

T5-T9

Question 19

Xiphoid process alignment with vertebrae

Answer 19

T10

Question 20

What are the main constituents of the spermatic cord?

Answer 20

Ductus deferens, testiculary (gonadal) artery and vein, cremaster muscle, and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Question 21

What runs under the costal groove of the rib?

Answer 21

Intercostal VAN (inferior border) which then splits into the collateral VAN (superior border of rib below)

Question 22

Sacroliliac joint

Answer 22

Anterior - synovial
Posterior - syndesmosis

Movement = slight gliding and rotary movement

Question 23

Pubic symphysis

Answer 23

Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)

Question 24

Lumbosacral joint

Answer 24

1. Intervertebral joint

2. Zygapophysial (facet) joint

Question 25

Sacrococcygeal joint

Answer 25

Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)

Question 26

Typical ribs

Answer 26

3-9th

Question 27

Atypical ribs

Answer 27

1, 2, 11, and 12