Joints and Random Flashcards
Passive expiration
Muscles relax, intrathoracic volume decreases, and intrathoracic pressure increases, intra-abdominal pressure decreases
What are the three types of ribs and their corresponding numbers?
True (vertebrocostal) ribs: 1-7
False (vertebrochondral) ribs: 8-10
Floating (free) ribs: 11-12
Passive inspiration
Muscles contract, intrathoracic volume increases, and intrathoracic pressure decreases, intra-abdominal pressure increases
“Pump handle movement”
Anteroposterior (AP) dimension - anterior ends of ribs and sternum (especially inferior end) rise like a pump handle
“Bucket-handle movement”
Transverse dimension - thorax increases slightly raising the most lateral parts of the ribs (especially the most inferior ones)
Vertical dimension
Increases during inspiration and the diaphragm descends and returns to normal position during expiration
Intervertebral joint type
Secondary cartilaginous
Costovertebral joint type
Synovial plane
Costotransverse joint type
Synovial plane
Sternocostal joint type
1st rib: primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)
2-7th ribs: synovial plane
Sternoclavicular joint type
Synovial saddle
Costochondral joint type
Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)
Interchondral joint type
Synovial plane
Manubriosternal joint type
Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
Xiphisternal joint type
Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)
What are the two openings of the inguinal canal?
Deep (internal) ring and superficial (external) inguinal ring
Manubrium alignment with vertebrae
T3-T4
Sternal angle alignment with vertebrae
Intervertebral disc of T4 and T5
Body of the sternum alignment with vertebrae
T5-T9
Xiphoid process alignment with vertebrae
T10
What are the main constituents of the spermatic cord?
Ductus deferens, testiculary (gonadal) artery and vein, cremaster muscle, and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
What runs under the costal groove of the rib?
Intercostal VAN (inferior border) which then splits into the collateral VAN (superior border of rib below)
Sacroliliac joint
Anterior - synovial
Posterior - syndesmosis
Movement = slight gliding and rotary movement
Pubic symphysis
Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
Lumbosacral joint
- Intervertebral joint
2. Zygapophysial (facet) joint
Sacrococcygeal joint
Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
Typical ribs
3-9th
Atypical ribs
1, 2, 11, and 12
