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Anatomy - Thorax and Abdomen > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

0
Q

What kind of blood does the left side of the body receive?

A

Oxygenated blood

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1
Q

What kind of blood does the right side of the heart receive?

A

De-oxygenated blood

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2
Q

What are the three layers of the heart?

A

Epicardium (visceral pericardium), myocardium, and endocardium

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3
Q

What are the four surfaces of the heart?

A

Anterior (sternocostal), diaphragmatic (inferior), left pulmonary, and right pulmonary surface

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4
Q

What are the four borders of the heart?

A

Right (slightly convex), inferior (horizontal), left (oblique), and superior borders

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5
Q

What are the four chambers of the heart?

A

RA, LA, RV, LV

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6
Q

What are the four auscultatory areas?

A

Pulmonary, aortic, mitral, and tricuspid valves

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7
Q

What does the RCA supply?

A

RA, most of RV, part of the LV, part of IV septum, SA node, and AV node

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8
Q

What does the LCA supply?

A

LA, most of LV, part of RV, most of IV septum (including AV bundle), and SA node

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9
Q

Venous drainage of the heart

A

Coronary sinus

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10
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the heart

A

Subepicardial lymphatic plexus which ends in the inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes

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11
Q

Conducting system of the heart

A

SA node –> AV node –> AV bundle –> right and left bundle branches –>subendocardial branches (Purkinje fibers)

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12
Q

Where is the SA node located?

A

Right atrium

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13
Q

Innervation of the heart

A

Autonomic nerve fibers from superficial and deep cardiac plexuses

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14
Q

Sympathetic supply of the heart - fight or flight

A

Presynaptic fibers with cell bodies in the intermediolateral cell columns (lateral horns) of the superior 5 or 6 thoracic segments of the spinal cord and from postsynaptic sympathetic fibers with cell bodies in the cervical and superior thoracic paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunks

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15
Q

Parasympathetic supply of the heart

A

Presynaptic fibers of the vagus nerve (CN X)

16
Q

What are the two branches of the right coronary artery?

A

Right marginal artery and the posterior interventricular artery

17
Q

What are the two branches of the left coronary artery?

A

Anterior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery

18
Q

Flow of blood - deoxygenated blood

A

Heart receives oxygen poor blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae which collects in the RA and then travels to the RV after surpassing the tricuspid valve - the blood then surpasses the pulmonary semilunar valve and travels out of the pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary artery to the lungs to get oxygenated

19
Q

Flow of blood - oxygenated blood

A

Oxygenated blood travels back to the heart via the pulmonary veins and collects in the LA and surpasses the mitral valve to go to the LV - when pressure builds, the semilunar aortic valve rushes open and blood flows out of the aorta to systemic circulation

20
Q

What do the coronary arteries supply?

A

Myocardium of the heart

21
Q

When do the right and left coronary arteries fill?

A

After the tricuspid and mitral valves have closed since the coronary arteries sit superior to the valves and get closed off when they are open

22
Q

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

A

Ligament that connects the aorta to the pulmonary trunk

23
Q

What is the fossa ovalis?

A

Impression on the right atrium

24
Q

What is the order of the structures extending from the mitral and tricuspid valves?

A

Cordae tendinae, papillary muscles, trabeculae carnae

25
Q

What are the muscles on the atrial walls of the heart called?

A

Pectinate muscles

26
Q

What do the veins of the heart empty into?

A

Coronary sinus

27
Q

When do the AV valves open?

A

During diastole when the ventricles are filling

28
Q

When do the SL valves open?

A

During systole when the ventricles contract to expel the blood out of the aorta

Anatomy - Thorax and Abdomen (13 decks)

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